The Studies On Avifauna Of Main Wetlands On The North Of Otindag Sandy Land

A bird survey was conducted in wetlands on north edge of otindag sandy land from 2005 to 2007.216 bird species were recorded totally,which belonged to 40 families,17 orders.29 species are residents,124 species are summer visitors and 61 species are migrants,2 species are winter residents.The breeders played important roles in the avifauna.40 species are the national protected birds,8 species has been listed as the national first grade wildlife of China for protection,They are as follows:Black Stork, Oriental White Stork,Pallas's Fish Eagle,White-tailed Sea Eagal,Hooded Crane, Red-crowned Crane,Great Bustard and Relict Gull.32 species has been listed the second grade,such as Red necked Grebe,White Spoonbill,Greater Spotted Eagle and Little Curlew and so on.There are 132 bird species of palaearctic realm,which account for 86.3%of all breeders.There 19 bird species of oriental realm,which account for 12.4%of all breeders. 79 species of north type birds(occupied 59.8%)of all palaearctic realm birds;25 species of northeast type birds(occupied 18.9%);5 species of northeast-north china type birds(occupied 3.8%),15 species of central-asia type birds(occupied 11.4%);7 species of middle asia and mediterranean-middle asia(occupied 5.3%);1 species of highland type birds(occupied 0.8%).The northern type bird species played important roles in this area,which reflected the obviously character of Palearctic realm.The findings indicated some birds(Northern Pintail,Common Pochard,Red-crested Pochard,Pacific Golden plover,Brown-headed Gull and Long-tailed Shrike) of Palaearctic and Oriental realm had changed its breeding zone to the north of otindag sandy land.Wheather the breeding zone of Whooper Swan extended to the western on the north of otindag sandy land or not,it needed further study for us.In recent years,Due to ecological environment change and Human interference to the areas,some rare birds such as Relict Gull breeding habitats have been severely damaged,which forced them to change their breeding zone, The number of rare birds(Great Bustard,Oriental White Stork,Chinese Egret and Pallas's Fish Eagle )have sharp decline,even some of them have no records.On the contrary,the quantity of wading bird had increased more and more,which reflected the wetland environment faced to swampy ground.The paper compared the wetlands avifauna,which included Baiyinkulun,Dalinur and Chagannor lake,on north edge of otindag sandy land and other wetlands(Dalai lake, Wuliangsuhai lake and Bojiang lake) in Inner Mongolia,they have much similarities and differences in the bird composition and avifauna.Based on the G-F diversity index,the highest avian diversity index was in Dalinur wetland(0.78),the lowest was in Bojiang lake(0.63),By analyzing avifauna elements,The percentage of north-east type are the most in Dalinur lake,The tropics-temperate type of old world and highland type are the most in Bojiang lake.According to the actual situation of the wetlands and the problem on bird resource,some effective protective measurements were proposed.