Correlated Imaging And Moiré Effects

Correlated imaging, which is also named coincidence imaging or ghostimaging, is a completely new theory of imaging deriving from quantum theory.The peculiar characters arising from correlated imaging have become one of thecentral topics in physics in recent years. Correlated imaging was first realizedby means of quantum entanglement and has developed from nonlocal imagingof using quantum nonlocality to correlated imaging of using classical thermallight correlation. Correlated imaging using classical thermal light providesus an experimental basis for its application in other areas, such as quantumeraser, quantum cryptography, quantum holography, phase-conjugate mirrorand so on. Moiréeffect is a well-known phenomenon that occurs when peri-odic or repetitive dots and lines are superposed. Recently, it has become anadvanced technology (Moirétechnology) and widely used as a powerful toolfor high-sensitivity measurement of the spatial structure of surfaces. Usingcorrelated imaging to investigate Moiréeffect constitutes a whole new way ofMoirétechnology, and it may play an important role in nonlocal measurementof optical metrology.In this thesis, we investigate how to produce Moiréeffects in terms ofcorrelated imaging. We propose theoretical schemes to produce Moiréeffectsvia correlated imaging, discuss the geometrical optics of correlated imaging andshow the advantage of obtaining Moiréeffects via correlated imaging for twodifferent sources. This thesis consists of six chapters, and the detail constitutesare organized as follows:The first chapter is aimed to briefly review the developing history andmain achievements of correlated imaging and Moiréeffects. In the secondchaper, we introduce the basic theories of correlated imaging, including linearoptics transfer systems and its impulse response functions, basic theorems andlaws of correlated imaging produced by two-photon entangled source and clas-sical thermal light source. In the third chapter, we explain imaging processesof Moirépatterns and measurement methods of Moiréeffects. In the fourth chapter, we investigate correlated imaging schemes to produce Moiréeffectsvia two-photon entangled source under general conditions. We propose the-oretical schemes to produce nonlocal Moiréeffects via classically correlatedthermal light. In the fifth chapter, We investigate the geometrical optics ofcorrelated imaging which can produces Moirépatterns. Two different config-urations corresponding to a quantum entangled source and a classical thermallight source are discussed. Due to different features in the second-order spatialcorrelation for the two sources, different conditions to observe Moirépatternshave to be satisfied. In the last chapter, we give a concise conclusion of thisthesis and make an expectation of the future in this field.