Study On The Lichen Genus Lecanora From Region Of Mt. Taibai In Qinling

Lecanora is classified into Lecanoraceae under Lecanorales, Ascomycetes, Ascomycota. The species of Lecanora are crustose lichens often on bark or rock with thalli varying from very thin and barely perceptible to very thick and lobate; Apothecia yellowish, green, brown, or black, usually with lecanorine margins the same color and texture as the thallus, but sometimes with biatorine or rarely lecideine; spores 1-celled, ellipsoid, colorless, 8 per ascus in most species, up to 32 per ascus in a few; Photobiont green (Pseudotrebouxia). The genus Lecanora which is the largest genus in Lecanoraceae is worldwide in distribution. Lecanora sensu stricto contains about 400 species, and Lecanora sensu lato comprised a heterogeneous assemblage of well over 1000 species.The studies of the lichen genus Lecanora are performed according to the morphology, anatomy, chemistry, geography and ecology on the basis of investigation of the specimens from region of Mt. Taibai in Qinling. Twenty-five species are reported in this paper. Among them nineteen species are reported for the first time from Shaanxi province. Most of all, thirteen species are reported as new to China, they are L.argentata,L.bruneri,L.cateilea,L.cinereofusca , L.fuliginosa , L.horiza , L.japonica , L.nipponica , L.opiniconensis ,L.perflexuosa,L.perplexa,L.subrugosa,L.symmicta.The chemical constituents were identified by using thin layer chromatography and chemical spot test. Seventeen kinds of the chemical substances are identified during the examination. They are classified into the following seven varieties: depsides, epsidones, usnic acids, triterpenoids, pulvinic acid derivatives, xanthones, aliphatic acids. The TLC characters of these substances are also provided.The keys of the genera Lecanora are presented in the paper. Each species is described morphologically, anatomically, chemically and geographically in detail. A short comment for each species is made under the depictions.The morphological photos of the thalli of all the species reported here and a multispored- ascus of L.japonica are also taken and given in the paper.