High-precision Target Positioning By Use Of The Modeling Of Characteristic Information

The theories and methods for target positioning have a great importance in military and economic areas. There are many aspects can be considered to achieve high-precision target positioning, such as equipment, the system of measurement and methods of data processing. In this thesis, we stood on the status quo of our national's measurement equipment, and studied the theories and applications of high-precision target positioning by mining the potential characteristic information in target positioning, optimizing the system of measurement, et al.The theoretical research in this thesis began with the parameter estimation of nonlinear models. According its characters, we discussed the linearized iteration method for estimation, which had a fast speed and broad range of convergence. After that, in order to deal with the ill-posed problem in the processing of estimation, we introduced the continuous characteristic information of target's movement and modeled it by a variety of forms. Among these forms, the modeling based on parametrical kinetic characteristic information represented the trajectory of target by a linear combination of basis functions which have some property of continuity, and realized the positioning of targets by estimating the coefficients, this would condense the parameters and improve the accuracy; the modeling based on non-parametrical kinetic characteristic information restricted the non- continuity by some rules, so that to improve the accuracy of target positioning; the modeling based on dynamic characteristic information transformed the targets' states at each time to the value of initial time by use of the dynamic differential equations which describe the evolvement of targets' states, in will condense the parameters mostly.There are three researches in our in application. 1) High-precision target positioning based on the system of orbit determining by using range rate data. We explained the system of orbit determining by using range rate data and the principle of positioning in this system. The high-precision algorithm of target positioning based on kinetic characteristic information was studied; it conquered the difficulty to establish the dynamic model of the boost phase of a trajectory. By employing the genetic algorithm, we optimized the distribution geometry of radar stations. Based on the sparseness restriction, we developed a self-adaptive algorithm to estimate system errors via basis pursuit. 2) High-precision InSAR geolocation algorithm. We discussed the principle of InSAR geolocation, and reviewed the classical algorithms. A closed-form algorithm was studied, and it has no simplified hypothesis and needs no iteration. The error propagations of each parameter in the equations of geolocation were analyzed; it can be used in the performance evaluation of InSAR system. The algorithm which using all the measured information was discussed primarily, it can solve the target position and initial phase simultaneously. At last, an approach to improve the accuracy of geolocation was proposed, which based on the baseline error compensation via phase adjusting using GCP; the method was different from the traditional ones which refine the baseline by using GCP. It was a new attempt, and the simulations showed that its performance was perfect. 3) The dynamic model for a trajectory of maneuverable ballistic reentry vehicle and high-precision algorithm. According to the situation of the missile range and the trade between reasonable simplifications and describing the essences, we studied the three-freedom dynamic model for the trajectory of maneuverable ballistic reentry vehicle, and then generated the trajectory which meets the characters of maneuverable vehicle. A model combined the kinetic and dynamic characteristic information was discussed primarily, and the high-precision algorithm for maneuverable ballistic reentry vehicle was developed.The researches in this thesis provided basic theories and criterions in applications. Parts of the algorithms and software have been handed over to certain departments.