The Research On The Coastal Zone Disaster And The Prevention And Reduction System Of The Disaster In Quanzhou

The coastal zone is the region of the hydrosphere, the lithosphere, the biosphere and the aerosphere mutually affects and occurs together, is the mainland and the sea contact region, each kind of geography process is active frequently. In the nature and under the human factor influence, types of the disaster are many, is the region that each kind of natural disaster of the land and the sea folds and develops gathers. The Quanzhou cities state the areas of the Asia- Europe tectonic plate and the Pacific Ocean tectonic plate border region, the sea land disaster frequency sends, the latent threat is huge, seriously affected and has restricted the Quanzhou economy development. This article rests on systematics and the disaster study theory, and the synthesis integration method which is from the determines to the quota and the GIS method, research the composition of Quanzhou coastal zone disaster system, the power mechanism of the disaster system forms, the dangerous and the vulnerability of coastal zone disaster and so on, then comprehensive area to delimit rely on the principle of the landform type and the disaster type combination. At last, Quanzhou is divided into four natural disasters area, and proposed the effect disaster reduction effective monitor system and the early warning system of the prevention and reduction disaster.The full text divides into following five parts to carry on the elaboration:The first part elaborates the background and significance, the present research situation of the domestic and foreign, research mentality and method.Second part researches area natural environment and social economy survey, including the natural environment of geology, landform, climate, hydrology, soil, vegetation and so on; the natural resource water, land, minerals, marine life and so on; factors of population, economy, transportation communication, traveling and human activity and so on. The third part of elaboration is the Quanzhou coastal zone disaster system.1. The three subsystems of Quanzhou coastal zone disaster system is pregnant of the disaster environment, sends the disaster factor, receives the disaster body. This article is mainly elaborated three aspects: the meteorological disaster (typhoon, rainstorm, flooding, drought and so on), the marine calamity (in storm tide, red tide, sea level promotes) and the geological disaster (earthquake, avalanche, landslide, mud-rock flow and so on), and finally formed the Quanzhou coastal zone disaster system theory frame chart.2. The article analyse oceanic disaster, meteorological disaster, geological disaster as study objects, the author gets the laws about time-space distribution of nature disaster of coastal zone in Quanzhou. Using power spectral, every disaster variation is analyzed. With the methods of degree and time of concentration, the annual-inner distribution-law is analyzed. Analysing whose space distribution-law with a view of every disaster reality, and making use of the Arcgis relevance function to generate the corresponding picture documents.The results show that:(1) In proper order, typhoon, high temperature and cold evil appear in a cycle of 2.5, 2.8, 4.67 years. The laws of 2.5+ear-periodicity can be found on downpour, drought and meteorological disaster. Storm surge and geological disaster appear in a cycle of 14years.(2) Every disaster has higher degree of concentration except drought, and we found that typhoon, storm surge, downpour and high temperature have a high frequency in June and July, cold evil often happen in March and April.(3) Typhoon tracks include five major kinds (42 subgroup); Storm surge has different character, for the influence of typhoon Ramasun track and coastal topograph on it; every meteorological disaster embodies the laws about space distribution of time (degree) of concentration and annual disaster-duration.(4) Geological disasters take 1500mm Precipitation Isoline as boundary, scattering to the north and west of it is more than being to the south and east, etc.3. Quanzhou coastal zone disaster system is a complex tendency great system, each kind of disaster displays the complex the characteristic of nonuniformity, the multiplicity, the difference, randomness, salutatory, slowness, reappears nature as well as randomness and so on. This article mainly take the system theory as the instruction and from the qualitative, discusses its complexity of existence and the evolved, and the non-linearity between the system interior various subsystems and the mutually affects with the environment.4. The analysis and comprehensive division of the vulnerability and dangerous of the coastal zone disaster of Quanzhou. (1) This article is research to the Quanzhou coastal zone, selects 10 factors compositions two subsystems of natural disaster and the social economy, establishes two levels of fuzzy syntheses judgments model to carry on the synthesis judgment to the vulnerability of the Quanzhou coastal zone natural disaster, produces the map of Quanzhou coastal zone natural disaster vulnerability rank distribution using Arcgis software, and unifies the region actual situation to analysis the result of the synthesis judgment. The result indicated that: the overall of the Quanzhou natural disaster vulnerability is high, the coastal zone vulnerability rank is higher than the whole city average level; In the coastal zone vulnerability in the rank overall reduce along with the apart from the sea course the increase, but also presents the situation that the middle area in the interior to compare other region vulnerability rank somewhat low.(2) This article recognize the risk of the disaster factor, then uses the times of the disaster happened and the number of days of the disaster continues to attribute the probability which the event possibly occurs, uses the times of sends disaster factor to attribute the possible disaster situation, takes the risky to the appraisal factor of the disaster factor, takes the dangerous to the standard of risk, after obtains the danger value of the nature of the sends disaster factor, uses five levels of divisions law of the symmetrical not division gap to divide the rank of the natural disaster risk, obtains the natural disaster danger rank value, simultaneously produces the map of the distribution area of the Quanzhou natural disaster of the dangerous of the sends disaster factor.(3) This article defers to the method of "from bottom to top" to delimit the area. unifies Arcgis software and so on to synthesis area delimits for the Quanzhou coastal zone disaster, finally basis on the landform type and the disaster type combination principle, Quanzhou is divided into four natural disasters area, named four disasters areas in turn as the north Zhongshan knoll geology disaster, the rainstorm disaster area; West center low mountain knoll high temperature, rainstorm, geological disaster area; Middle low mountain knoll rainstorm, high temperature, marine calamity area; Eastern part middle and lower reaches Binhai plain, Jinjiang marine calamity, dry waterlogged disaster area.The fourth part constructs the disaster prevention and reduction system of the Quanzhou coastal zone disaster, realizes the Quanzhou coastal zone sustainable development.Fifth part for conclusion and ponder.