Study On The Hazard Mapping And Risk Management Of The Small Watershed Torrents

The water environment is a place which keeps all lives living. The water, afoundation of the human being survival and development, is an important essentialresource. Our country is one of the most serious flooding disaster countries in theworld. As a result of the climate and the geography condition, the Small Watershedtorrent takes on emergence, concentrative, devastating, high mortality rate and does agreat harm. Now it has been a prominent problem in controlling flood and preventingdisasters in our country.The flood has the dual characters. It is not only one kind of the naturalphenomenon causing disasters, but also an essential ecology process maintainingnatural ecological equilibrium. The flood disaster management strategy proposednowadays is exactly such as management of the flood disaster risk, adjustment of therelations between person and the water and the shift of the river revolution goal,which transformed the leading goal of preventing floods into the multi-goals of floodscontrol and disasters prevent, water resource guarantee, environment and theecosystem the improvement, namely transformed "the flood defense" into "the floodmanagement". The flood hazard mapping is a direct-viewing scientific monographicmap to understand the degree of the flood disaster risk in regions. It is one kind ofnon- project measures against floods and disasters. It is the important foundation of"the flood management".Therefore, falling to analyzing the flood disaster risk of the small watershedsystematically and researching the drawing methods of the flood hazard mapping, andconducted by the flood hazard mapping as the important basis and main methods,falling to studying the risk management, thereby, to strengthen the ability to preventsmall watershed torrent, and make the flood disaster risk cost to the lowest, all abovehas the vital significance to society's harmony as well as the economical developmentThis article has collected and researched related achievements on the drawing andusing of the flood hazard mapping domestically and abroad, studied the generalsituations and the basic countermeasures in controlling floods and preventing disasters,summarized some fundamental theories on the flood hazard mapping and the riskmanagement.According to the fundament of the flood hazard mapping drawing, and the floodcharacteristic and local factors of the small watershed torrent in our country, the paperhas studied the risk basic factors of the small watershed torrent, analyzed thedifficulty in the drawing process, and proposed main steps and technical methods ofthe process. The paper also has conducted a research to the strategic mode of floodmanagement, and proposed a series of strategies such as refinement of leadershipsystem, enhancement of monitor ability, establishment of science and technologysystem and flood insurance, at last put forward the concrete proposals to the floodinsurance. Taking the Qianxi river of the small watershed of Fenshui Jiang branch as atypical, according to the process and technical method of drawing the SmallWatershed torrent hazard mapping proposed in the article, The paper has investigatedthe basic data, worked out a concrete flood hazard mapping, and in this foundation,proposed some countermeasures related to the flood prevention managementaccording to the notice of the small watershed torrent risk management.the study Above indicated that: by researching the fundament of flood hazardmapping and based on the flood characteristic and local factors of small watershedtorrent in our country, it is feasible to study the draw of small watershed torrenthazard mapping in view of risk basic factors, process design and technical methods; itis feasible to study the strategy of small watershed torrent risk management in view ofrefinement of leadership system, enhancement of monitor ability, establishment ofscience and technology system and the flood insurance, it is realizable.The paper also has made some expectation to the small watershed torrent hazardmapping and the risk management. It has suggested using the new technology to drawthe small watershed torrent hazard mapping, and proposed some assumptions on theflood insurance realization in the risk management.