The Phylogenetic Framework Study Of Angelica S.l. From East Asia And The Phylogenetic Positions Study Of Angelica Apaensis/Heracleum Apaense, Angelica Decursiva/Peucedanum Decursivum: Based On The Evidences From ITS Sequences Of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA

In order to resolve the relationships among species from Angelica s.s. and its allied genera in East Asia, ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) sequences were used to analyze their sequence divergences and to construct three phylogenetic trees in this paper. In addition, the relationship between Angelica L. and Heracleum L. was studied and the phylogenetic position of Angelica apaensis/Heracleum apaensh and Angelica decursiva/Peucedanum decursivum were analyzed. The results were summarized as follows:1. Taxonomic study of Angelica L. from East AsiaIn order to resolve the relationships among species from Angelica s.s. and its allied genera in East Asia, ITS sequences of 44 taxa representing these genera were used to analyze. Three taxa were used as the outgroup. Some deductions could be achieved as follows. (1) The relationship among the three genera Angelica s.s., Czernaevia Ledeb. and Coelopleurum Ledeb. was close, but the relationship between Ostericum Hoffm. and any genus from Angelica s.l. was far. It was also supported by analyses on fruit anatomy and chemical constitutes. Ostericum L. was proposed as a relatively independent genus. (2) Angelica s.s. was proved not to be monophyletic and it should be divided into several sections. (3) Both results from ITS sequences and chemical constitutes indicated that the relationship between Peucedanum L. and Angelica s.s. was very close. (4) Results from ITS sequences as well as from conformation and chemical constitutes showed that the divergence of A. sinensis from other taxa of Angelica s.s. was great. The taxonomic position of A. sinensis should be reconsidered. (5) Both analyses of ITS sequences and chemical constitutes revealed that Ligusticum L. was not a natural group.2. Taxonomic Study of Angelica apaensislHeracleum apaensisIn order to resolve the phylogenetic position of A. apaensis, ITS sequences from A. apaensis and 16 other species in these two genera (4 of them were from GenBank) were used. Notopterygium incisum was used as the outgroup. Analysis on different ITS regions resulted in contradictory conclusions: analysis on ITS1 sequences indicated that A. apaensis should belong to Angelica L., while analysis on ITS2 sequence suggested that it belonged to Heracleum L.. Further studies demonstrated that A. apaensis possessed base sequence characters similar to plants in Angelica L. in ITS1 region, but had base sequence characters similar to plants in Heracleum L. in ITS2 region. Therefore, results of this study support the view that A. apaensis is a transitional taxon between Angelica L. and Heracleum L..3. Relationship between Angelica L. and Peucedanum L. and taxonomic study of Angelica decursiva/Peucedanum decursivumIn order to resolve the relationship between Angelica L. and Peucedanum L. and the phylogenetic position of Angelica decursiva/Peucedanum decursivum, ITS sequences from A. decursiva and 23 other species in these two genera (6 of them were from GenBank) were used. Notopterygium incisum was used as the outgroup. Results demonstrated that: (l)there was a relative close relationship between Angelica L. and Peucedanum L.; (2)being associated with results from morphology, chemistry and others, results in this paper supported the view that A. decursiva/P decursivum should be classified into Angelica L..The taxonomic history, current research situation of Angelica L. and the outline of many kinds of molecular markers used in plant phylogenetic studies were also summarized and discussed in this paper.