First Study For Part Of Charcoal From Liangchengzhen Site In Rizhao City

Charcoal analysis is an important method of archaeology, and take advantage of the information of ancient environment include palaeoclimatic reserved in charcoal, reconstruct the environment and climatic patterns of their life time,further to know early men exising condition. This method in our country remain elementary phases,since 21 century started entironment analysis in deed,and less reports.LiangchengZhen site in RiZhao city ,Shan Dong province, are in possession of higher historical value. Some charcoal specimen about 4600～4000 years ago was found and collected in here. My task will try to analysis the anatomical structure in phytotomy,identify part of charcoals,and preliminary try to find out the vegetation combination in past.First, comparing and filtering the methods of charcoal analysis, Simple wood combustion experiment has been done for contrasting and measuring. The analysis show the most simple and the applied method is use of the reflected light microscopy. Discuss the feasibility of charcoal analysis recovering vegetation, we found that the ancient charcoal reserved so mach wood feature , compound with some macroscpy structure and microstructure. Make sure that the basis of charcoal analysis is primarily structure of wood that formed ancient charcoal,thus combining with structure of wood summarized identify character. The character discussed wood strcture that the charcoal reserved. These strctures of transverse section are annal ring,resin canals,pore, wood ray,parenchyma;the radial section have tracheid, wood ray, across section wall hole,canal; and wood ray in tangential section ,the most inportant strcture are in the transverse. Bamboo charcoal identifying characters is vascular bundle type.Identifying 15 piecese of charcoals come from three pools in Liangcheng site,the result show,in these 15 piceses of charcoals, include four faculty seven species,they are Quercus acutissima Carr; Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.; Quercus mongolica Fisch.; Lithocarpus sp.; Toxicodendron vernicifluum(Stokes)F.Barkley; Phyllostachys sp.; one of these we don't know.RiZhao city that LiangchengZhen site localed belong to southeast region of ShanDong,in forest subarea ,belong to Shandong peninsula and hill of Pinus desiflora(Akamatsu) forest, Quercus acutissima(Kunugi) Ft forest section. The plant remains arisen in the site should as a reflection of the soecies around the site. Original identify results of these seven plants show that the floristics was very abundant in LiangchengZhen site in the past,there existed conifer Pinus Linn kinds,and plentiful broadleaves. Thereinto, Quercus L relatively much. Palaeoclimatic reserved in charcoal is reflected by vegetation combination,resemble to climate characteristic of ChangJiang-HuaiHe drainage area now,and existed some plants now growing in this region, reflected that the ancient climate was similitude to now ,even warm and wet.