Comparision In Cytology And Molecular Biology Of Simple And Double Flower On Hibiscus Syriacus

Shrubalthea has excellent biological characteristics and changeable flower type, so it has a high value for the ornamental purpose. We used different-sized buds of simple and double flowers of Hibiscus syriacus as well as ovaries of simple flower in different developmental stages as experimental materials, and studied the development male and female gametophytes of single and double flowers of H. syriacus from the aspects of cytomorphology, anatomy and special proteins.The results showed that the type of microsporic tetrads of the simple flower is belong to tetrahedral type and the mature pollen is two-celled with bristles on the surface. The development of gynoecia lags about one week behind that of androecia. As mononuclear microspores form, the megaspore mother cells enter the stage of miosis. The embryo sac is of polygonum type. The pistils and stamens of double flowers of H. syriacus all develop into petals and abort. The double fertilization is observed in the simple flower 4 days after blossom, and the mature embryo forms after stages of globular, heart-shaped, torpedo-shaped and cotyledon embryos. The endosperm belongs to nuclear type, and mature seeds bear no endosperm; Using two-dimensional electrophoresis (IEF-SDS\PAGE) methods with early buds of simple and double flower of H.syriacus, we found out three specific protein A (25.0 kD, PI 7.78), B1 (16.0 kD, PI 3.48) and B2 (36.0 kD, PI 8.48) may be correlated with the formation of simple and double flower on H.syriacus.We also use the theory of "ABC model" to explain the conversion of stamens and pistil to petals in double flowers of H. syriacus.