| The first part of this thesis is about the properties of gravity waves in space dust plasma area above the polar region(80～90Km) where the PMSEs happen. A model of gravity waves in the dust plasma has been built, and the dispersion relation is obtained. The analyses of it have been made in the dusty plasma layer at the mesospause above the polar region. Propagation properties of gravity waves in the stratified dust plasma have been studied. The results show that, compared to the ordinary gravity waves, the dust plasma changes the dispersion relation, restricts the propagation of the gravity waves of small horizontal wave number, changes the wave energy property, and decreases the amplification of the gravity wave's amplitude when it up propagates in the asymmetric atmosphere. When the gravity waves propagate in the dust plasma with stratified electron density, it can be reflected and lead energy focusing which may cause turbulence. The irregularity of the electron created by the turbulence could be the mechanics of PMSEs above the polar region. In the second part, a PMSE model based on the random rough surface theory is built. The bistatic radar scattering coefficients are studied when plane electromagnetic wave and gauss electromagnetic wave illuminate on this model. The relationships between the bistatic radar scattering coefficients with the angle of incidence, the angle of scattering, the polarization, the standard deviation of the surface height and correlation length of the surface are obtained. At the last, based on the EISCAT radar system the observation of PMSE using bistatic radar system are studied. The locations of the available observing area are analysed.
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