| More traditional map describe spatial information using static method. But expressing actual dynamic phenomena by static method has great limitation. Temporal information cannot be expressed clearly and cannot take its full effect. In recent years, with the rapid development of computer and spatial information technology, a new type of maps with animated and interactive functions is becoming more efficient than static paper maps.Multidimensional animated spatial information has become new content of the maps.Effective visualization of the time has become the essential means of expressing and analyzing the result of the system. As animation is the most powerful means of expressing dynamic phenomena.we should pay more attention to the research of map animation.With 60-year development of the map animation technology, people think much of it gradually. In 90s, people attempted to make map animation the basis of the Cartography due to the advancement of computer technology. Map animation has been the focus of research.The wide range of research involves Cartography, Geographic Information Visualization, Computer animation, Computer Graphics, Virtual Reality, and Database etc. The research is aimed at spatio-temporal geographic phenomena.The research of the paper emphasizes the visual variable theory. Firstly, the basic theories of the animation map and the visual variable are introduced. Secondly, the implementation technologies of the dynamical visualization and dynamical visualization expression based on the visual variable theory are analyzed. Thirdly, a simple three-dimensional geographical circumstance is constructed using JAVA 3D, a three-dimensional graphical module of JAVA. In this circumstance, the visual variable of three-dimensional animation map and the expression method of the animation map are discussed. Finally, conclusion and outlook are made and the expectation of further contribution to the dynamical expressing method in three-dimensional circumstance is put forward.
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