Primary Studies On The Insect Resource And Inscet Diversity In Houhe National Nature Reserve

Insect is an important biology group. Even some scholars believe that insect is the master of global biodiversity. Insect biodiversity is a significant part of biodiversity, which has effect on ecosystem balance's keep, biological control, crop's pollination, curatorial health care, light industry material proffer and so on.Houhe National Nature Reserve is an integrated model region in conserving natural resources and ecological environment construction, together with Shennongjia National Nature Reserve being the two most representational nature ecosystem regions in Three Gorges Area. There was a lot of research on the propagation in the Houhe National Nature Reserve. But there were no investigations on insects, let alone studies on the insect biodiversity. So it is not clear about the species, quantity and distribution of insects, not to mention what role insect plays in ecosystem. It is important for the research and protection of insects and development of Houhe National Nature Reserve to make systematic investigations on insects and study the insect biodiversity.Based on the actual status of different environments and different species of insects, we used different methods to collect insects. We separately recorded the numbers of insects in different environments, altitudes and seasons, and analyzed biodiversity with correlative expressions.The paper firstly reported the insect resource in Houhe National Reserve. A total of 885 species from 613 genera in 154 families in 21 orders were identified, based on insect specimens collected in the survey and published materials. There were many rare insects, such as Allomyrina dichotoma (Linnaeus), Troides Helena (Linnaeus), T. aeacus (Felder et Felder), Stichophthalma howqua (Westwood), Kallima inachus Doubleday among them. In addition, 124 species from Lepidoptera are newly recorded in Hubei province.Due to the investigation, we concluded that the main elements of the fauna in this region are Oriental. The numbers of Oriental species, Palearctic species and widely distributive species were 242, 113 and 57 respectively. And the percentages of Oriental species, Palearctic species and widely distributive species were 58.74%, 27.43% and 13.83% respectively.By the measure methods of a - diversity, the paper dealt with the diversity of butterflies in spring, summer and autumn. Data analysis was used in the measure methods of a - diversity, and the results showed that the highest species richness and the highest diversity index occurred in summer, and the highest evenness index occurred in spring, and the highest dominance index also occurred in summer. Nymphalidae was the highest in richness at the level of families.The genetic diversity of Papilio Manor Cramer and Araschnia doris Leech populations in Houhe National Nature Reserve was investigated using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method through the polymersae chain reaction (PCR). Amplifications with 11 primers under predetermined optimal reaction conditions gave 136 reproducible fragments ranging from 170 to 2 000 bp. Cluster analysis showed that the populations' genetic variation was correlation to the seasons.We used Jaccard's coefficient of similarity and G-F index to compare the butterfly biodiversity among Houhe National Nature Reserve, Daba mountains Nature Reserve and Shimentai Nature Reserve. The results showed that the coefficient of similarity between Houhe National Nature Reserve and Daba mountains Nature Reserve was the highest, which was 0.3184. The G-F index in Houhe National Nature Reserve was higher than that in Daba mountains Nature Reserve, while it was lower than that in Shimentai Nature Reserve.