Systematic Study On The Pamphagidae From China (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

The Pamphagidae, belonged to the superfamily Acridoidea, Orthoptera, mainly distributed in Eurasia and Africa, inhabited mountainous country or semi-desert country. 93 genera about 600 species and subspecies have been known in the world. There were 13 genera 48 species and subspecies in China, which distributed in the north and north-west of China.This thesis was divided into two parts and studied on the systematics of Pamphagidae in ChinaThe first part included 5 chapters. In chapter one, the taxonomic history, the taxonomic status and general research situation of Pamphagidae were retrospect and summed up. In chapter two, morphology of Pamphagidae was introduced, the main morphology characters were described, and some pictures of morphology characters were provided.In chapter three, chromosome C-banding karyotypes of 7 genera 11 species of Pamphagidae from China were investigated. The result indicated: 1) there were 2 types of chromosome sets in Pamphagidae: a) karyotypes with acrocentric chromosomes only (2n=19, the mechanism of sex determination was XO which were conservative); b) karyotypes with 2n=16+neo-XY, the mechanism of sex determination was neo-XY 2) there were differences among the species on the C-banding karyotypes, which would be used to distinguish species; 3) the relative relationships between Haplotropis and other genera in the study were distant, the relative relationships between Asiotmethis and Beybienkia, among Rhinotmethis, Filchnerella, Eotmethis and Pseudotmethis were close.In chapter four, based on the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA partial sequences of 15 species (9 genera) of Pamphagidae from China sequenced by the author and of some relative species indexed from GenBank, the homologus sequences were compared and the molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed. The results of sequences compared shown that: 1) the content of T and A was richer than C and G in the, 16S rDNA sequence of Pamphagidae; 2) all of the transitions numbers within each pairwise of Pamphagidae taxon were larger than transversions numbers; 3) the 16S rDNA nucleotide divergence among species of Filchnerella were large. The phylogenetic tree shown that: 1) the phylogenetic relationships of 9 genera of Pamphagidae from China were Haplotropis((Asiotmethis, Beybienkia} ((Mongolotmethis,Sinotmethis) (Rhinotmethis (Filchnerella (Eotmethis, Pseudotmethis))); 2) the phylogenetic relationships of 6 species of Filchnerella were F. pamphagides (F. sunanensis (F. kukunoris (F. beicki (F. rubimargina, F. ningxiaensis )))); 3) the taxonomic status of Pamphagids was a family under the superfamily Acridoidea.In chapter five, according to the results of morphology, cytotaxonomy and molecular phylogeny and the characteristics of distribution, the phylogeny of Pamphagidae from China were summarized.In the second part, revised the taxonomic system of Chinese Pamphagidae based on the taxonomic system of Eurasia Pamphagidae, described 3 subfamilies, 13 genera and 48 species and subspecies, among them, 1 species (Filchnerella ningxiaensis sp. nov.) was new to science and the male of 1 species (Eotmethis holanensis Zheng et Gow, 1981) was described for the first time. Key and citation of subfamilies, genera and species were also given on this part.New species: Filchnerella ningxiaensis sp. nov.