The Study Of Dispersal Function Of Frugivorous Birds On Seeds Of Medical Plants In The Region Of Maoershan Mountain

The reciprocity between the animals and the plants, especially the study of dispersal function between frugivorous birds and plant seeds has an important meaning for the succession of forest ecosystem. Combining with the data of birds with mist nets, and through outside observing, breeding in cage and stomach examination, we find most breath of beak of frugivorous birds are bigger than the average diameter of flesh fruit, which is suitable for plant dispersal in biology. There are pome,tyrma,polymer in Maoer Mountain, and the color of fruits is red in most, which is also suitable for dispersal. In the year of 2002 and 2003,there lies obvious seasonal change between frugivorous birds and bird-dispersed plants from the study of birds community and abundant or scarcity years change of fruit. Malus baccata,. Phellodendron amurense is much weightier, besides the phenomenon of self toxic, the action of rodent makes the livability of young seedling the lowest. Large area dispersal and succession can't be realized only by gravitation. The flesh fruit of primary medical plant is the important food of frugivorous birds, and the plant is dispersed through alimentary canal at the same time. The frugivorous birds and medical plants has the co-evolution relationship after long year's development. But it's not one by one relationship, it shows dispersional co-evolution relationship. That is one bird have more fruits to eat or more birds eat one fruit. The dispersion between frugivorous birds and medical plants is affected by many factors, it is a compositive dynamic process. The change of time and space has an important infection in seeding dispersal. Through the chart of P-P, young seedling dispersed by frugivorous birds has asymmetry distribution, it is together when young, and scatter when grows, through studying three habitat of manul broadleaf blend forestry,edge of forest and road, we find the amount of Malus baccata in manul broadleaf blend forestry is the lest, one of the reason is the rodent. Perhaps the reason of weather, the amount of fruit and taste, the eating frequency of frugivorous birds has obvious difference. The species of frugivorous birds are less, there are 7 families and 16 species in Maoer Mountain, but the amount of important frugivorous birds is large, such as Dusky Thrush(Turdus naumanni), though the eating time isn't long and the amount they eating isn't more. The real dispersal birds are those of eating whole fruits. When fruits are digested in alimentary canal, it is egested in forest or the certain space far away mother tree. Because of the large amount, some seeds can bourgeon in suitable habitat. But the bourgeon rate of Phellodendron amurense, Malus baccata , Acanthopanax senticosus hasn't obvious change compared with peeling of flesh and whole fruit manually, as they have lower reborn rate under mother tree. But the real meaning of dispersal is dispersing seeds to suitable habitat far away from mother tree by birds.