Changes In Distribution Of PNA-binding Glycoconjugates And Investigation On The Special Expression Of C-kit In Gametogenesis Of Acrida Cinerea Thunberg

Insects have the greatest mounts of species and the greatest quantities in the long history of evolutionary process, which is based on their powerful reproduction capacity. Gametogenesis is the hot issue of development biology and reproductive biology. The study of the gametogenesis of insects and a series of physiological changes in it has great significace in better understanding of the reproductive physiology and further pest-preventing . The Acrida cinera Thunberg has extensive distribution in North China, which is a kind of common agricultrure pest. In this study, the distribution changes of PNA receptors and oncogene c-kit among the process of gametogenesis are investigated.The gamete is greatly specialized in the structure and function, and there are many kinds of agglutinin receptors in the plasma membrane, former studies indicated that the receptors may be associated with their roles in ovum recognition and fusion. For better understanding of the formation and changes of glycoconjugates during spermatogenesis and oogenesis, the distribution of PNA binding glycoconjugates in the plasma membrane of Adda cinera germ cells have been detected by using biotin labeled PNA. The results show: (1) In testis, PNA receptors sites were firstly observed in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane of primary spermatocyte, and greatly increased in the plasma membrane of second spermatocyte, then decreased and were accumulated in the tail of the round spermatid. The same reaction was observed in sperms of testis and spermatheca, which shows stronger reaction in head and weaker in tail. A universal dyeing was observed on the plasma membrane of sertoli cells. (2) In ovary, PNA receptors appeared in the oocyte cytoplasm of second phases of oogenesis; the positive granules gradually increased from third to forth phases, and they exhibit a maximum expression before vitellogennic stage in cytoplasm of oocyte; from vitellogennic stage to chorionation stage, the positive granules gradually reduced. Binding sites on follicle cells were changed with their morphological variation in every stage of oogenesis.The staged and specific expression of oncogene c-kit, the tyrosine-kinase receptor, is closely related with gametogenesis. The C-KIT/SCF signal trancduction is essential for the maintenance, proliferation and differentiation of primordid germ cells as well as the growth and maturation of oocytes. In order to study the regulatory mechanism in the gametogenesis of Acrida cinerea, the special expression of c-kit is investigated by immunohistochemical method. The result show:(l) The strong positive reaction on the plasma membrane of type Aspermatogonia and the head of maturing sperm, and a lesser positive reaction on the plasma membrane round spermatid. SCF/kit may use a rapamycin-sensitive PI3-K/AKT/p70S6K/cyclinD3 pathway to promote type A spermatogonia proliferation. The positive reaction of maturing sperm may be associate with tr-kit. (2) The different extent of reactions are observed on oocyte of the third and the forth's phase ; The slight positive reactions of the sixth and seventh's oocyte are accumulated in the place between oocyte and follicle. All expression of c-kit in oogenesis of Acrida cinerea may be related with the growth and mature of oocyte, as well as the beginning of vitellogenesis.Hematoxylin-Eosin dying method is used to discover the microstructure of the spermatheca by light microscope. The results show that, the spermatheca of Acrida cinerea Thunberg consists of six layers. From inner to outer ,it includes inner membrane, epithelial layer ^ basal membrane ^ connective tissue., muscle layer and peritoneal membrane. The first and second layers are much more developed. The secretions from secretory cell in epithelial secret from inner layer to the cavity by secretory canal .The muscle layer includes circular muscles and longitudinal muscles, whose functions may be related with the releasing of sperm from spermatheca..The histological structures of the Acrida cinerea Thunber's male accessory glands were studied...