Studies On The Microstructures And Optical Properties Of Nano-metal Films And Shell Films

In the 21st Century, Advent and development of nanometer technique will bring about a new industrial revolution. Nanometer technique will provide a new technical basic for information science and life science. Many countries in the world have attached great importance to nanometer technique. Many developed countries have developed nanometer plants one after another, and invested a lot of capital into the research and development of nanometer technique.A nanometer, one billionth of a meter, is about 10,000 times narrower than a human hair. Nano-materials often have abnormal characters. Nanometer technique has many applications in many fields (such as micro-electronics, computer, medicine, environment, biology technology). Nanotechnology is the creation of useful materials and structures sized at the nanometer scale, and it is listed the key technique of the 21st century.As a new kind of materials, with its especially Football-like structure and properties, C60 is interested in by lots of scientist of all the countries. The studies on C60 have been developed in the whole world in a short time, and impact many aspects (such as superconductivity, magnetism, optics, materials and biology). Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) which were found after C60 also become the focus of research as its structure and properties, then its prospective uses are analyzed, Scientist predict that CNTs will be the most promising quasi ID nanomaterials, nano-electronics device materials and new flat display materials. The research history of Fullerene and CNTs was short, but their characteristics have great value in practical application.Metallic nano-particles have different crystal orientation with different synthetical techniques. Their special mechanical, optical and electrical properties will drive the development of magnetic materials, electronic materials and optical materials et.al.There are many nanomaterials found in nature, the people have been acquainted with the natural nanomaterials gradually. Nano-biology is viewed as one of the high-quality technology. Its applications refer to economy, medicine and other correlative fields.In this work, the author gave full-scale introduction for nano-materials about its structure and specialty, the application in practice and the progress in our country at present etc; introduced and discussed the preparation, the structure and character of several nano-films; explained in details the theory of the Ellipsometer which measures the optical constants of the materials.The main content in this paper includes.1 C60 films were deposited at room temperature and 77K on Si(111) substrates. The microstructures of the C60 films were studied with Scanning Electric Microscope(SEM); and the optical constants (Including absorption spectrunu refractive index and dielectric function) of C60 films were measured with the Ellipsometer. Their structures and optical properties were compared and analyzed.2 The silver films were prepared at the room temperature and 77K on glass substrates. The microstructures and optical properties of the Ag films were studied with the XRD, SEM and Ellipsometer, respectively. The copper films were also prepared at the room temperature and 77Kon glass substrates. The microstructures and electric properties of the Cu films were measured.3 A new purification method of CNTs was present. The CNTs films were prepared with the CNTs purified by the former method, and the structures and the properties of the films were measured.4 The micro-structures of several shells were analyzed by X ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electric microscope (SEM). The shell films were prepared the films by pulse laser deposition (PLD) with one kind of the shells and the structures and theproperties of the shell films were measured.