The Research On The Technology Of Collection Agricultural Information And Increasing Precision Of GPS

China is an agricultural country. Accelerating agricultural and rural economic and social development is essential to building a well-off society in an all-round way, maintaining sustained, rapid and sound development of the national economy and ensuring long-term stability of the country. Precision agricultural is the radical route towards low-consume, high-efficiency and high-quality agricultural. It is also a very important direction for agricultural development in 21th centuryNowadays PA develops quickly in developed countries. The application of GPS and GIS to agricultural engineering is the trend for the intelligent agricultural information technology. PA based on collection of agricultural information, which is a difficult point and depends on exact orientation. This paper concerns the technology of collection of agricultural information and increasing precision of GPS.The paper first summarizes the generally situation of precision agriculture and its trend, pointes out its necessity and introduces the principle, makeup and function, especially analyses the principle of GPS and its source of error. The results can provide theoretical base for later study. Based on the facility the lab owned, we analyze single error and region error and compare different GPS precision .The results showed that the precision of GPS Agl32 is the highest, than are GPS25 OEM plate and MAP330, and MAPS 15 with the lowest precision.According to the demand and our reality, Agl32, with the precision of meter, is enough for PA .But its price is high, in order to find a more economical way .The paper suggests a way of data-after cure to increase the precision of GPS. Ways to increase precision, such as arithmetical mean and implant control point, were studied and their principles and characters were analyzed and discussed. Because of the irregular shape of farm, different calculation methods of field area were studied. Besides GPS software, triangle division were also put forward in this paper and the software was programmed to calculate field area through GPS.Based on the analysis of the principle of GPS location and output sentence format, the hardware interface and communication software were developed for GPS receiver and computer to realize GPS-data real-time acquisition by computer. By the transfer of different axes, Gauss Project, data-transfer can be achieved. We use Software GIS Arc View to deal with data received, and fulfill the application of GPS and GIS inagriculture.The method and principle for rapid measuring soil water content were also studied and SWR was developed for soil content .The results showed that soil water content had different layers in vertical direction, and with the increase of soil depth the soil water increased first and then decreased .the results have showed the great value of academic and practicality.