Sporopollen Record In Chuodun Site In Suzhou, Jiangsu And Palaeoenvironment In Taihu Region

Holocene environment changes and human existence and development are closely linked together. Studying on Holocene environment changes and forecasting its trend in the future has great practical value and significance in theory. The research during the prehistoric period is a base and difficult Palynology which provides numerous evidences plays an important role and makes great contributions to the research on Holocene environment changes.Suzhou museum and Kunshan cultural relicsadministrative office, cooperated with each other, excavated Chuodun Site for the fourth time in 2001, and the author participated in its Research on palaeoenvironment changes. According to the re-analyses on pollen assemblages and archeological evidences in the site and related documents, this paper reconstructs the sequence of fossil pollen-pollen-vegetation-paleoclimate during the prehistoric period, emphatically discussing environment changes, the space-time distributed law on archaeological sites, the origin of culture fault and formation mechanism.Based on pollen record and excavated materials in Chuodun Site and abundant documents in Taihu region, three conclusions are obtained as follows:1.Excavated materials of seven plots in Chuodun Site show that four cultures from the Majiabang culture to the Maqiao culture all existed and cultural layers werecontinuous and large in it, which suggested the environment should be stable and feasible to live in for human beings. The maincharacter of pollen assemblages in the site was the peaks of Typha in the final stage of the Liangzhu culture and dominant proportion of Typha in the Maqiao culture, denoting large water areas around the site.2. Neolithic cultural rise and fall in Taihu basin was related withterrain, climate, sea-level changss and the development of the dishing basin. Climate and sealevel changes were two main factors and sea-level changes had a direct effect on it. In the final stage of the Liangzhu culture, warm-humid climate, heavy precipitation and rising temperature led to sea-level rising, rivers running impeded, water areas large, in addition that the sites in the last stage of the Liangzhu culture were mostly located in low-lying areas, which had liangzhu ancients suffered a unparalleledbig flood disaster resulting in the cultural decline.3.It was rocky hills and relatively high in the Yangtze River mouth area along Changzhou, Wuxi, Changshu, Kunshan and Qingpu, which belonged to Changzhou-Kunshan zone according to Holocene delimitation From the final stage of the Liangzhu culture to the stage of the Maqiao culture, due to the expansion of Taihu basin and large water areas, Maqioa cultural sites were concentrated on rocky hills and cheniersin the east of Taihu to the west of Shanghai. Although Maqiao sites were high and no silt or peat layers, cultural missing rinks possibly existed between the Liangzhu culture and the Maqiao culture.