Studies On Some Species Of Lophodermium Chev. And Hypoderma De Not.in Chian

In the present thesis,some species of Lophodermium Chev. and //ypoderma de Not. in China were systematically studied with the taxonomic method of synthesizing several characters,including research on morphology and developmental biology;discussion on ecology,culture and enzymology of several species in Anhui;Lophodermium chev. and Hypoderma de Not. Synthetical taxology.Lophodermium and Hypoderma were placed in Discomycetes,Rhytismatales,Rhytismataceae according to Cannon & Minter (1986). 240 samples collected from 16 provinces in China were examined and 2 genera and 21 species were identified. Among the taxa there were 6 new species:L. euryae,L. griseum,L. implicatum,L. jiangnanense,L. validum and H. durum;4 new recorded species:L. minus,L. camellicola,L. mangiferae H. rubi. Except those,it still included 11 species known from the country which were not systematically described or were only mentioned. Keys were provided for identification of all recognised species and they were described,annotated and illustrated,hosts and distributions were recorded for the majority of the species. New species type speciesmens were deposited in the Forest Protection Laboratory of Anhui Agricultural University (AAUFP),Hefei,China.The samples of members accepted in Lophodermium and Hypoderma were collected from 25 counties of 16 provinces,including Hainan province in South and Heinongjiang province in North. But the main distribution patterns of the kind of species from China were more species in South and fewer in North. Most species are dispersed in the Yangze River basin and the south area of this basin,evidently because of the favourable natural conditions of warm temperature,abundant rainfall and plentiful vegetation in these areas. Simultaneously,they were widespread weak or strong parasites of conifers and broadleafs and developin 15 genera of 11 families. Most species occur only on a single host genus,but there were a few species,such as L. pinastri,which had a wide range of host and its ascocarps can appear on the needles of 16 kinds of haploxylon and diploxylon pines. The kind of fungi fruit bodies develop on recently dead for intrusion or decayed plant materials.The Lophodermium and Hypoderma fungi collected from the Huangshan Mountains were isolated by tissue isolation techniques and culture characters data of 7 species were obtained. Most grow best and form pycnidia earlier on MA,and PDA is slightly not fitful for pycnidia growth of the kind of fungi. None of the species can produce ascocarps in 60 days.Esterase isoenzymes of 12 strains of Rhytismataceae were studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and clustering analysis of UPGMA and 12 strains were classified into 4 groups when correlation coefficient is 3.1. The results showed that the nearer the relationship of the species,the more similar the zymograms. The zymograms difference between species in different genes is more obvious than ones in the same one. In addition,there is a certain difference between the zymograms of different strains of the same species from different ascocarps and places. For the reason,esterase isoenzyme analysis is only taken for a supplementary method.On the premise of consulting historical documents,the classification,morphology,ecology,distribution,culture and enzymology were summarized and discussed.