The Study On The Development And Transformation Of The Floral Organs In The Genus Paeonia Linn

Nine groups of sect. Moutan DC. and three groups of sect. Paeon DC. in Paeonia were studied systematically about the formation of prolification flower, the diversity of carpellary disc and the relationship between it and carpel, the carpellary morphology and anatomy, petaline types and origination ,etc.. The results show:(1) The prolification flower exists in some cultivars of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. and P.lactiflora Pall.. On basis of the fact that some organs in the highflower usually appear pappus-a carpellary marked trait, or carpellary morphological trace or anatomical character in the process of transforming development, deem that the highflower origins from the heteromorphic development of carpellary primordium. Furthermore, the course and mode of heteromorphic development of different organs in the highflower have been described, and according to the organ composition in highflower, the prolification flower is divided into green prolification, colorful prolification, golden prolification and three-strata prolification. Lastly, the relationship between the division of flower type and the evolutionary level has been discussed, and think that the prolification flower is derivative.(2) There are some difference between the carpellary disc in the prolification flower and the carpellary disc in non-prolification flower. The carpellary disc of lowflower in prolification flower is similar to the carpellary disc in non-prolification flower, jointing into cup-shaped or dish-shaped each other surrounding carpel, or sometimes splitting from each other. But the carpel in highflower has itself carpellary disc that develops into various structure following with carpellary heteromorphic development. After comparatively researching the morphology, anatomy and development process between carpel and leaf, we put forward a viewpoint that the carpellary disc of Paeonia is not from the receptacular projection, but is a appendant organ of carpel. They come from leaf blade and leaf sheath separately.(3) After researching carpellary morphology and anatomy of nine groups of sect. Moutan DC.in Paeonia, the results show that some characters of P. decomposita Hand.-Mazz., including the circle-curved stigma, the clearer veinlets on the stigmatic lobe, the more developed mechanical tissus excepting vascular tissue in ovary wall are similar to the subsect. Vaginatae Stern. But other characters are similar to the subsect. DelavayanaeStern, such as a few pappus on the sutural line of carpel, the larger face of accepting pollen and the lowlier different style. In addition, the species distributes between the two subsections' geographical distribution region. On basis of the above, a new viewpoint on subsection treatment has been put forward. The result of study also supports a point of opinion that P. delavayi Franch includes P. lutea Delavay and P. potaninii Kom. Furthermore, not only further demonstrate the primitive of sect. Moutan, but also consider P. delavayi Franch. is a more primitive species in this section. Lastly, the evolutionary trend of some characters and an important factor causing sect. Moutan endangerment has been discussed and analyzed.(4) The tubiform petal of P. suffruticosa Andr. and Paeonia lactiflora Pall, is a special petal which only has been occurred in the highflower of pralification flower of the above two species. The petal is similar to corolla of some family of sympetalous dicotyledon in shape, however it has a more thin base and many different lobes in form and size. On basis of the facts that all tubiform petal only occurs in the highflower of prolification flower; and except the tubiform petal, the rest of the highflower petals always have the transforming development carpellary disc in the dorsal base; as well as there are distinctive shape and anatomy structure, a viewpoint that the tubiform petal corns from the together petaloid developing of carpel and carpellary disc has been put forward. Furthermore, the jointly petaloid development process and feature o...