Ecological Relation Between Aquatic Animal Cells And Heavy Metal Irons

In present study, a grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) cell culture ZC7901 was used as an in vitro model system to study the effects of heavy metal on fish cells. The results showed that the culture chemically stressed by six heavy metals of 1.8 x 10-5mol/L Cd2+, 4.1xl(T*mol/L Cr2O72-, 6.1x10-5mol/L Hg2+, 3.0 x 10 -4mol/L Cu2+, 1.2 x 10-3mol/L AsO34- and 1.0 x 10 -4mol/L Pb2+ exhibited cell death accompanied by various morphological alterations such as nuclear condensation, chromatin abutted sharply against nuclear membrane and develop into distinct apoptotic-like bodies, which were characteristic features seen in apoptosis. By agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA ladders was clearly visualized. And TUNEL analysis of the cells revealed DNA fragmentation localized in the dying cells as well as in the additional apoptotic-like bodies. These results suggested that six heavy metal of Cd2", Cr2O72-, Hg2+, Cu2+, AsO43- and Pb2+ can all induce apoptosis in fish cells. Then the concentration and time of Cd2+ inducing was studied, the results showed there were dose- and time- dependent. In order to know the reason of apoptoise in heavey metal, changed of intracellular Ca2+, O2-, H2O2, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and mitochondia membrane potential (m) in the apoptosis of cells induced by Cd2+ were investigated. The cell were touched hi l.8 x 10 -6 mol/L for 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4,6 and 8 hours. The intracellular Ca2+ content increased in 0.5 hr, so did 62". H2O2, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Ihr, then decteased. But mitochondia membrane potential (m) kept decreaseding quickly. The results indicated the intracellular Ca2+, O2-, H2O2, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and mitochondia membrane potential (m ) all played roles in the apoptosis of Cd2+ inducing, maybe the oxidative stress is the way of apoptosisThe decontamination effect on water pollutants of Cr2O7 2-, Pb2+ and Cd2+ bymussel Hyropsis cumingii Lea was investigated, and the absorption and accumulation characteristics of three pollutants in mussel tissues of podium, mantellum, liver, gill, mucus, intestine and gonad were also studied. The results showed that Hyropsiscumingii Lea had high ability to decontaminate the pollutants of Cr2O7 2-, Pb and Cd2+ in water. Treating the polluted water with it for 12 days, the concentrations of Pb2+, Cr2O72- and Cd2+ declined for 8 and 10 times respectively. The absorption and accumulation characteristics of three pollutants in six tissues mentioned above were different. Mucus, gill and liver were the most efficient absorption and accumulation tissues for CraO?2", Pb2+ and Cd2+ respectively. Absorption rate of CriO?2", Pb2+ and Cd2"1" into tissues was rapid, the contents of them absorbed in tissues could arrive at a relatively high level at 3 days, and the pollutants could be transferred and redistributed among the tissues. The results of this paper provided a new method for the decontamination of heavy metal pollution of water.