Studies On Diversity And Ecology Of Bryophtes Of The Cities In North Of Jiangsu Province, China

Jiangsu province is one of the most abundant bryophytes regions of China, the research on bryophyte ecology and diversity in relation to Jiangsu has been focused on the southern area of the Yangtze River. In this study, baesd on field investigation and specimen collection from Nantong, Yangzhou, Taizhou, Huai'an, Suqian, Lianyungang, Xuzhou and Yancheng. The flora and diversity of bryophytes in the cities of northern area of Jiangsu province were systematically studies. Additionally, the relationship of bryophytes with their environmental factors were investigated in the city of Nantong. The main results are as follows:1. A total of 153 species of bryophytes, which belong to 30 families and 58 genera were recorded from the northern cities of Yangtze River of Jiangsu. Among them are 16 liverwort species belonging to nine families and 11 genera, 137 moss species belonging to 21 families and 47 genera. New records to Jiansu bryophyte flora include Chenia (Pottiaceae) and 23 species (including Heteroscyphus tener (Schiffn.) Schiffn., Heteroscyphus lophocoleoides S. Hatt., Pellia epiphylla (L.) Corda, Frullania polyptera Tayor, Frullania nepalensis (Spreng.) Lehm. et Lindenb., Pellia epiphylla (L.) Corda., Fossombronia pusilla (L.) Nees, Fissidens laxus Sull. Et Lesq., Fissidens diversifolius Chen, Fissidens geppii Fleisch., Fissidens schwabei Nog., Hymenostylium recurvirostrum var. insigne (Dix.) Bartr., Tortula planifolia Li, Brachymenium pendulum Meut., Brachymenium sinense Card. & Thér., Bryum pallens Sw., Plagiomnium japonicum (Lindb.) T. Kop., Rhizomnium striatulun (Mitt.) T. Kop., Hypnum oldhamii (Mitt.) Jaeg., Hypnum pallescens (Hedw.) P. Beauv., Breidleria pratensis (Hartm.) Loeske, Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Grout, Pylaisia curviramea Dix and Chenia leptophylla (C. Müll.) Zand.). 2. There are seven dominant families including Pottiacea,Bryaceae, Hypnaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Funariaceae, Thuidiaceae and Fissidentaceae. Accounting for 67.97% of the total species of the studied area, and the dominant genera are five, such as Bryum, Trichostomum, Hypnum, Fissdens and Brachythecium, accounting for 28.76% of the total species of the area.3. The geographical elements of these 153 bryophyte species of the studies area, ordered as the species number from high to low, are temperate distribution, accounting for 32.68% of the total species, East Asian distribution, accounting for 22.88%, Mediterranean distribution accounting for 6.54% , Asian tropical distribution accounting for 3.92% and endemic elements to China accounting for 12.42%. The composition of geographical elements reveals that the bryophytes flora in north of Jiangsu are not only characterized by their temperate elements, but also by their subtropical elements, showing a transition characteristic from subtropical to temperate elements.4. The distribution areas of the northern area of Jiangsu province, could be divided into three parts: Southern part includes Yangzhou,Taizhou and Nantong, this part has mosses of 130 species, 52 genus and 28 families. Middle part includes Suqian, Yancheng and Huai'an, has 38 species, 15 genus and 10 families mossed; and Northern part includes Lianyungang and xuzhou, there is 72 species, 26 genus, 15 families. According to their species number of bryophyte from high to low, the areas are ranked as sourthern part, northern part, and middle part.5. The environmental factors influencing the distribution of the bryophytes on regional scale in northern Jiansu were quantitatively analyzed using the software SPSS. The result shows that the species numbers in relation to families, genera, acrocarpous, pleurocarpous, liverworts, moss, Pottiaceae, Funariaceae, corresponded well with the average temperature, the number and history of scenic spots in the cities.6. In the city of Nantong, a total of 145 sites were sampled, and the coverages of their bryophyte species were investigated, and the environmental factors were also visualized , then the relationship of bryophyte distribution with their environmental factors were analyzed usinnng the method of Canonical Correspondence Analysis by using the software CANOCO for windows 4.0. The results show that man-made disturbance, humidity, coverage and herbage coverage will affect the diversity of the city bryophytes.7. Compared with the previous reports in relation to the studied, we found the dominant families and genera have changed much since 1990s. The dominant families changed from Brachytheciaceae, Hypnaceae to Bryaceae and Pottiaceae. The result shows that environment in the cities of north of Jiangsu province.