| As global scientific and technological innovation enters a new period of activity,emerging technological revolution and industrial transformation are developing rapidly.In the face of the unprecedented changes in a century and COVID-19,the global production network has taken on a localized development model.which will provide countries with an effective means to guard against the risk of "decoupling"and withstand economic uncertainties abroad.Although unilateralism and protectionism are spreading,technological innovation is still the core of the global strategic game,and the competition among countries in the field of science and technology has become unprecedentively intense.Therefore,it is of great significance for enterprises to make full use of all kinds of factor resources,timely adjust the development strategy of participating in the production division of the value chain to adapt to the current complex international environment and further achieve high-level innovation by exploring the impact and mechanism of the degree of GVC localization on innovation.Firstly,this paper examines the effect of degree of GVC localization on innovation,utilizing the R&D and growth model(variety expansion model),endogenous technology change model,and quality ladder model within the context of endogenous growth theory,as well as innovation diffusion theory,evolutionary economics,knowledge-based view theory,and resource dependence theory.The results show that the degree of GVC localization affects innovation through industry-university-research cooperation,market competition and supply chain cooperation,while the human capital and productivity enhancement have a positive moderating effect on the degree of GVC localization and innovation.Secondly,this paper empirically tests the relationship between the forward and backward degree of GVC localization and the innovation quantity,quality and behavior respectively.The results show that:(1)Both the improvement of forward and the reduction of backward degree of GVC localization significantly improve the innovation quantity and quality,and the forward and backward degree of GVC localization are positively correlated with innovation behavior.(2)The heterogeneity test shows that the degrees of GVC localization has heterogeneity on the innovation quantity,quality and behavior with the industry,patent type,patent citation type and the background of corporate executives respectively.(3)Mechanism test shows that the degree of GVC localization have different mechanism of action on innovation quantity,quality and behavior respectively.On the one hand,for the forward of localization degree of global value chain,market competition and supplier cooperation are the mechanisms affecting the innovation quantity,while the industry-university-research cooperation,human capital and supply chain cooperation are the mechanisms affecting the innovation quality.Human capital,productivity enhancement and supplier cooperation are the mechanisms affecting the innovation behavior.On the other hand,for the backward of degree of GVC localization,the industry-university-research cooperation,human capital,market competition,productivity enhancement and supplier cooperation are the mechanisms affecting the innovation quantity,while the industry-university-research cooperation,human capital and supplier cooperation are the mechanisms affecting the innovation quality.The industry-university-research cooperation,productivity enhancement and supplier cooperation are the mechanisms affecting the innovation behavior.Thirdly,in the empirical part,this paper further discusses the possible industry heterogeneity of the insignificant impact mechanism of degree of GVC localization on the innovation quantity,quality and behavior.(1)From the forward degree of GVC localization,the innovation quantity of manufacturing enterprises is significantly impacted by the industry-university-research cooperation,while advanced human capital and productivity enhancement have a significant impact on the innovation quantity of non-manufacturing enterprises.Market competition and productivity enhancement significantly affect the manufacturing enterprises innovation quality;the industry-university-research cooperation and the market competition significantly affect the innovation behavior of non-manufacturing industry.(2)From the backward degree of GVC localization,the market competition has a significant impact on the innovation quality of manufacturing enterprises,and productivity enhancement has a significant impact on the innovation quality of non-manufacturing enterprises.The innovation behavior of manufacturing enterprises is significantly impacted by human capital,while the innovation behavior of non-manufacturing enterprises is significantly impacted by market competition.Finally,based on the above research conclusions,this paper provides policy enlightenment on how to promote enterprise innovation through GVC localization.(1)Strengthening the connection between domestic and international markets and resources,and capitalizing on the knowledge spillover effect of GVC.(2)Forming a mutually beneficial and win-win supply chain ecology with the localization trend of GVC,accelerating enterprise innovation and balancing upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain.(3)We need to build a model of coordinated development of innovation chains and unleash the vitality of industry-university-research cooperation and innovation.(4)We should actively use the advantages of globalization and high-quality domestic resources to attract high-level and diversified talents,and give full play to the key role of talents in innovative development. |
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