Study On The Effect Of Fiscal Policy For Rural Revitalization

The report of the 19 th National Congress emphasizes that the issue of agriculture,rural areas and farmers is a fundamental issue related to national planning and people s livelihood,and we must always make solving the three rural issues the top priority of the whole party ",and the strategy of revitalizing the countryside is the golden key to crack the " three rural issues " in China,which provides a direction for the construction of agricultural The strategy of revitalizing the countryside is the golden key to cracking the " three rural issues " in China,which points out the direction for the modernization of agriculture and rural construction.The report of the 20 th Party Congress successively proposes to comprehensively promote the revitalization of the countryside,adhere to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas,consolidate and expand the results of poverty eradication,accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural country,and solidly promote the revitalization of rural industries,talents,culture and ecological organizations.The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy helps to keep the " three rural areas " as the " ballast in the Bureau of Strain and the New Bureau,to coordinate the two strategies of development and security,and to narrow the gap between urban and rural development and consolidate the Party’s ruling foundation at the grassroots.However,at present,rural revitalization faces many difficulties.For example,the level of rural revitalization is low,the level of rural revitalization is uneven among regions,and the development of various sub-dimensions within rural revitalization is uncoordinated.These problems have seriously affected the process of China’s rural revitalization,and if these problems are not solved,they will pull down the quality of China’s rural revitalization.As the foundation and important pillar of national governance,finance is supposed to play an important role in solving the problems of rural revitalization and promoting the improvement of the level of rural revitalization.To this end,the country has introduced a series of fiscal policies for rural revitalization.In this context,assessing the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies and pointing out the problems of rural revitalization fiscal policies are key initiatives for sound rural revitalization fiscal policies.Thus,it is of great practical significance to study the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies.This thesis uses the interdisciplinary knowledge of finance,regional economics,spatial economics and other disciplines to study the effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy by using literature research method,empirical analysis method and normative analysis method.Firstly,it analyzes the theories related to financial support for rural revitalization,then analyzes the current situation and characteristics of rural revitalization fiscal policy,followed by empirical analysis of the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policy in three aspects:aggregate effect,structural effect and spatial effect,and finally summarizes the problems of rural revitalization fiscal policy based on policy combing and empirical analysis,and puts forward targeted countermeasure suggestions.The first part is the introduction.It mainly introduces the research background and significance of this thesis,the current situation of domestic and foreign research,research ideas,research contents and research methods,innovation points and shortcomings.The second part is the theoretical analysis of financial support for rural revitalization.It mainly defines the concepts of rural revitalization and fiscal policy;explains the necessity of fiscal support for rural revitalization from three aspects: agricultural and rural development theory,externality theory and national governance theory;and discusses the mechanism of the role of fiscal policy for rural revitalization in influencing rural revitalization from three aspects: aggregate effect,structural effect and spatial effect.The third part is the analysis of the current situation and characteristics of rural revitalization rural revitalization fiscal policy.The current situation of rural revitalization includes: the level of rural revitalization is not high,but shows a rising trend year by year,and the mean value of rural revitalization score increases from 0.21 to 0.27;the development of each sub-dimension within rural revitalization is uneven,and the level of rural style civilization and effective governance is low,while the level of prosperous industry,ecological livability and affluent living is high;the level of rural revitalization in the western region is the lowest,but the rural revitalization in the western region has the fastest development speed.The current situation of fiscal policies for rural revitalization includes: fiscal policies to support industrial revitalization,fiscal policies to support ecological revitalization,fiscal policies to support cultural revitalization,fiscal policies to support organizational revitalization,and fiscal policies to support talent revitalization.The characteristics of the fiscal policy for rural revitalization include: flexible and diversified support means,wider coverage of support,and the characteristics of blood-making support as the main mode of support.The fourth part is the analysis of the aggregate effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy.The aggregate effect shows that:(1)rural revitalization fiscal policy strongly promotes rural revitalization,and for every 1% increase in the scale of rural revitalization fiscal expenditure,the level of rural revitalization increases by 0.0709 units,and this conclusion still holds after passing a series of robustness tests.(2)There is regional heterogeneity in the aggregate effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy,and the size of its aggregate effect is in the order of eastern > western > central regions;meanwhile,there is temporal heterogeneity in the aggregate effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy,which shows that the aggregate effect fluctuates during the study period.(3)When the total fiscal expenditure on rural revitalization is greater than 7.04 and less than 8.26,the total effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy is enhanced by 3.28%;when the total fiscal expenditure on rural revitalization exceeds 8.26,the total effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy is enhanced by 14.80%.The aggregate effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy also has non-linear characteristics at different stages of human capital accumulation.When human capital is greater than 11.29,the aggregate effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy is enhanced by 23.18%.(4)The regression results of adjustment show that infrastructure construction,industrial structure and urbanization ratio can significantly and positively adjust the effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy on rural revitalization,i.e.,the stronger the effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy on rural revitalization in areas with better infrastructure construction,more reasonable industrial structure and higher urbanization ratio.The fifth part is the analysis of the structural effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies.(1)For every 1% increase in the scale of fiscal expenditure for rural revitalization,the levels of prosperous industry,ecological livability,civilized countryside,effective governance and affluent life will be increased by 0.0820,0.0453,0.0937,0.0706 and 0.0644 units respectively.(2)The fiscal policy of rural revitalization affects the industry.(2)The fiscal policy of rural revitalization affects the prosperity of industry through three paths: the level of agricultural technology,the increase of loan scale in rural areas,and the increase of total retail sales of social consumer goods.(3)The fiscal policy of rural revitalization affects ecological livability through the "three-life governance" channel of production governance,life governance and ecological governance.(4)The fiscal policy of rural revitalization affects the civilization of countryside through the three paths of improving human capital,inheriting excellent countryside and absorbing modern civilization.(5)The fiscal policy of rural revitalization affects effective governance through the three paths of strengthening village planning,enhancing the governance function of village committees and increasing the capacity of autonomous organizations.(6)The fiscal policy of rural revitalization affects the affluence of living is realized through three paths of industrial structure upgrading,economic development,and urbanization ratio.The sixth part is the analysis of the spatial effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy.(1)The government’s implementation of rural revitalization fiscal policy will not only affect the local rural revitalization,but also affect the rural revitalization of the near neighboring areas.Under the conditions of near-neighbor matrix,geographic distance matrix and socio-economic distance matrix,rural revitalization shows significant spatial positive autocorrelation and spatial agglomeration,and the spatial autoregressive coefficient is 0.225 and passes the significance level test of at least 1%.(2)The spatial autoregressive coefficient is 0.225 and passes the significance level test of at least 1%.The results of the SAR empirical analysis of the spatial spillover effect show that the direct effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy is 0.0197,the indirect effect is 0.0056,the total effect is 0.0253,and the proportion of spillover effect is 22.13%(0.0056/0.0253).(3)The spatial effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy has a distance decay feature,but there is also a distance boundary as well.The empirical analysis shows that within the range of 100-900 km from the policy center,the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policy are 0.032,0.029,0.027,0.025,0.023,0.020,0.017,0.015,and 0.012,showing the spatial distance decay characteristics.However,when a place is more than 500 km away from the policy center,the policy effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy is not significant,that is,the policy effect boundary of rural revitalization fiscal policy is 500 km.(4)The government’s implementation of rural revitalization fiscal policy drives the rural revitalization between regions to converge,but the convergence is faster in the central region.The coefficients under the absolute convergence and conditional convergence regression results are negative for both the geographic distance matrix and the economic distance matrix,and the convergence speed of the east,central and western regions under the geographic distance matrix and the economic distance matrix are-0.371,-0.468,-0.241 and-0.384,-0.803,-0.257,respectively,and the convergence speed of the central region is significantly faster than that of the east and west regions.The seventh part is the analysis of the problems of fiscal policy for rural revitalization.(1)The total amount of fiscal expenditure on rural revitalization is insufficient.It is mainly manifested in three aspects: insufficient financial investment for rural revitalization,decreasing speed of financial expenditure for rural revitalization,and low proportion of financial investment for rural revitalization compared with foreign countries.(2)The resource allocation of rural revitalization fiscal policy is not optimal.It is mainly manifested in three aspects: insufficient fiscal expenditure on talent revitalization,less expenditure on science and technology for industrial revitalization,and more expenditure on administrative and utility expenses for rural revitalization.(3)The leverage of financial expenditure for rural revitalization is not obvious.It is mainly manifested in the difficulty of finance to leverage financial capital and non-financial capital to serve rural revitalization with high quality.(4)The subsidies of financial policies for rural revitalization are not precise enough.It is mainly manifested in three aspects: the target of subsidy is not targeted,the main body of subsidy is not clear,and the yellow box and green box subsidies are rather confusing.(5)The comprehensive effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy is not strong.It is mainly manifested in three aspects: insufficient aggregate effect,large difference in structural effect and excessive spatial spillover effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy.The eighth part is the countermeasure suggestions for optimizing the fiscal policy of rural revitalization.(1)Increase the financial input for rural revitalization.It mainly includes increasing the investment of general public budget in rural revitalization,innovating investment and financing mechanism,broadening financing channels,forming a diversified investment pattern,and increasing the proportion of land concession revenue for agriculture and rural areas.(2)Improve the resource allocation of financial policies for rural revitalization.It mainly includes three aspects of increasing the expenditure on talent revitalization,increasing the expenditure on science and technology for industrial revitalization,and reducing the expenditure on administrative and utility expenses for rural revitalization.(3)Strengthen the guiding role of financial policies for rural revitalization.It mainly includes three aspects of dynamically adjusting the policy of rewarding the increment of agriculture-related loans,increasing the financial guarantee and improving the level of agriculture-related risk guarantee.(4)Improve the precision of subsidies of financial policies for rural revitalization.It mainly includes three aspects of clarifying the focus of subsidies,optimizing the structure of subsidies and adjusting the duration of subsidies.(5)Strengthen the comprehensive effect of the fiscal policy for rural revitalization.It mainly includes three aspects of accelerating the threshold value of financial input in some regions,coordinating financial input in different dimensions of rural revitalization by the government,and formulating inter-regional coordination of rural revitalization financial policies.(6)Sound supporting measures for the fiscal policy of rural revitalization.It mainly includes rationalizing the fiscal expenditure system for rural revitalization,accelerating the level of human capital,accelerating the upgrading of industrial structure and promoting urbanization,and strengthening the synergy of fiscal and monetary policies.The ninth part is the research conclusion and future prospect.It mainly introduces the conclusions obtained from the research of this thesis,and further research plans in the future.This thesis has tried and innovated in the following three aspects.First,the innovation of research perspective.This thesis focuses on the effects of fiscal policies for rural revitalization,closely combines with the frontier topics of the times such as rural revitalization,and actively responds to the strategic points of the national general policy.The academic ideas of this dissertation are innovative to a certain extent.Second,the innovation of research content.(1)The existing literature is relatively simple in sorting out the fiscal policies for rural revitalization,and there is little literature to systematically sort out the literature on fiscal policies for rural revitalization.This paper systematically composes fiscal policies that support rural industrial prosperity,ecological livability,rural style civilization,effective governance and affluent living,which is a further enrichment of the existing literature.(2)The existing literature mainly studies the effects of rural economic growth and food production of rural revitalization fiscal policies,but does not examine the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies in the five aspects of industrial prosperity,ecological livability,rural style civilization,effective governance and affluent life.This thesis deeply analyzes the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies on industrial prosperity,ecological livability,rural style civilization,effective governance and affluent life respectively,which is a further supplement to the This is a further supplement to the existing literature.(3)The studies on the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies in the existing literature mostly consider the effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies on this jurisdiction,without considering the spatial effects of rural revitalization fiscal policies on neighboring jurisdictions.This thesis studies the spatial effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy from three aspects: spatial spillover effect,spatial distance effect and spatial convergence effect,which is a further improvement of the existing research.Thirdly,the innovation of research method.This thesis not only depicts the map of rural revitalization in China with Arcgis software to reflect the spatial and temporal differences of rural revitalization,but also analyzes the aggregate effect and structural effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy with fixed-effect model,and analyzes the spatial effect of rural revitalization fiscal policy with spatial econometric model.This enriches the research methods in the field of effect analysis of fiscal policies for rural revitalization.