Research On The Impact Of Producer Services Agglomeration On Manufacturing Servitization

The new round of scientific and technological revolution is accelerating the transformation from "industrial economy" to "service economy",and the manufacturing industry has gradually shown the characteristics of servitization in the process of transformation and upgrading.With the development of manufacturing servitization,the producer services,which run through the production,quality control,logistics and transportation,advertising and after-sales of manufacturing enterprises,have also developed rapidly,and gradually show a trend of industrial agglomeration.At present,China is in an important period of manufacturing transformation and upgrading and economic transformation and development,facing the problems of alternation of old and new economic kinetic energy and imbalance between market supply and demand internally,and the double crowding-out effects of "economic uncertainty" and "manufacturing back-flow" externally.At this time,Producer services agglomeration should effectively play the role in promoting the development of manufacturing servitization,advance the manufacturing transformation and upgrading on the basis of domestic market,and boost the upgrading of China’s industrial structure and the rising of status of global value chain,so as to help improve China’s supply-side reform,adjust the balance between market supply and demand,optimize industrial layout,promote regional coordinated development and domestic market integration,build a strong domestic market,and realize the development of domestic and foreign double circular economy.To this end,China promulgated the Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Producer Services to Promote Industrial Restructuring and Upgrade in 2014,pointing out that,in order to conform to the development trend of economic modernization,"it is necessary to guide the regional agglomeration of producer services in central cities,manufacturing concentration areas,modern agricultural industrial bases and qualified cities and towns according to local conditions",and it is clear that China relies on the producer services agglomeration to promote the development direction of manufacturing industry.Existing studies have achieved fruitful results in the relationship between producer services and manufacturing servitization,and the influence of producer services agglomeration on manufacturing productivity and industrial upgrading.However,there are few direct studies on the influence of producer services agglomeration on manufacturing servitization,and no systematic research results have been formed,so further research is still needed.In view of this phenomenon,in this paper,I mainly study the issues related to the producer services agglomeration to promote the development of manufacturing servitization from the following aspects:Ⅰ.Clarify related concepts and sort out research results.According to the existing concepts of producer services and manufacturing industry in domestic and foreign literature of manufacturing servitization,this paper defines the connotation,scope,motivation and development mode of producer services agglomeration and manufacturing servitization,and sorts out the direct and indirect economic effects,influence mechanism and specific path of producer services agglomeration affecting manufacturing servitization through the basic theoretical research of industrial agglomeration and industrial interaction.Ⅱ.Build a research framework for the producer services agglomeration to promote the development of manufacturing servitization.Based on the relevant theoretical viewpoints at home and abroad,this paper divides the evolution process of manufacturing servitization into three levels,namely,the "product servitization,business servitization and industry servitization",and explores the theoretical mechanism that the producer services agglomeration promotes the rising of motivation of manufacturing servitization,and reduces the cost of manufacturing servitization,to improve the level of manufacturing servitization.Ⅲ.The producer services agglomeration affects the manufacturing servitization.Firstly,the existing index calculation methods are compared and analyzed to select the calculation method suitable for this paper.Secondly,based on the data calculation results,statistical analysis methods are used to predict the influence of producer services on manufacturing servitization from three levels,namely,national,regional and industrial levels.Moreover,from the enterprise level,case analysis method is used to compare and analyze the influence of producer services agglomeration on manufacturing servitization.Finally,according to the above analysis conclusions,it is preliminarily judged whether the producer services agglomeration affects the manufacturing servitization and its influence direction.Ⅳ.An empirical study on the influence of producer services agglomeration on the development of manufacturing servitization.Firstly,the direct economic effect of the producer services agglomeration on the manufacturing servitization is investigated by using a random effects model.Secondly,the spatial economic effect of the influence is investigated by introducing spatial influence factors.Finally,considering the influence of economic environment on industrial development,the threshold economic effect of producer services agglomeration on manufacturing servitization is investigated from innovation and production levels by using the threshold model.Meanwhile,the endogeneity and stability of the conclusions from the above three influence effects are tested.Ⅴ.An empirical study on the mechanism and path of producer services agglomeration to promote the development of manufacturing servitization.Firstly,from the agglomeration effect level of industrial agglomeration,the economic effects of MAR,JACOBS and PORTER externalities of producer services agglomeration are selected as mediated variables,and the mediating effect model is used to verify the path mechanism that producer services agglomeration promotes the development of manufacturing servitization through the externalities of industrial agglomeration.Secondly,from the level of industrial association between producer services and manufacturing industry,this paper selects the coupling between producer services and manufacturing industry as a mediated variable,and verifies the path mechanism that producer services agglomeration can improve the level of manufacturing servitization through industrial coupling by using mediating effect model.Ⅵ.An empirical study on the heterogeneity of producer services agglomeration affecting the level of manufacturing servitization.Firstly,from the perspective of industry heterogeneity,this paper divides the producer services into seven sub-industries according to the industry characteristics,and studies the influence of different producer services agglomeration on manufacturing servitization.Secondly,from the perspective of enterprise nature,this paper studies the direct economic effects of producer services agglomeration with different enterprise nature on the development of manufacturing servitization.According to the research results,we make the following conclusions:Ⅰ.There is an interactive relationship between the producer services agglomeration and the manufacturing servitization.The producer services agglomeration has direct economic effect,indirect spatial effect and threshold effect on the manufacturing servitization,which mainly affects the overall development of manufacturing servitization from the industrial agglomeration and industrial interaction levels on the product servitization,business servitization and industry servitization in the process of manufacturing servitization.Ⅱ.From 2006 to 2018,China’s producer services agglomeration and manufacturing servitization have been improved,showing a good development trend and having a large development space.Whether the analysis is based on the data at the national level,spatial level,industry level or case-based enterprise level,it is concluded that the producer services agglomeration promotes the development of manufacturing servitization.Ⅲ.The agglomeration of China’s producer services promotes the development of manufacturing servitization,and the positive externality economy is still on the left side of the inverted U-shaped curve,so it is necessary to further exert its positive externality economic effect.However,from the perspective of space,the producer services agglomeration will inhibit the manufacturing servitization in neighboring provinces,which is mainly due to the siphon effect.In addition,the degree of direct economic effect will be affected by the development environment and motivation of manufacturing servitization,which is manifested as innovation level and relative productivity respectively.When these two environments reach certain conditions,the producer services agglomeration can give full play to the promotion of manufacturing servitization.Ⅳ.The producer services agglomeration mainly promotes the service of manufacturing products,businesses and industries through the external economic effects of MAR,JACOBS and PORTER of industrial agglomeration at the agglomeration effect level.From the perspective of related effects,it mainly improves the cost surplus and income surplus of manufacturing industry through industrial coupling,promotes the upgrading of manufacturing industry and promotes the climbing of manufacturing value chain,to further enhance the service level of manufacturing industry.Ⅴ.The influence effects possess industry heterogeneity.From the perspective of influence effect,the agglomeration of various sub-sectors of producer services mostly promotes the development of manufacturing servitization,but only the information transmission,computer services and software industry are affected by the imbalance between the demand of manufacturing servitization and the supply of producer services agglomeration development,and its agglomeration has a weak inhibitory effect on the manufacturing servitization.From the perspective of influence degree,the agglomeration of industries with higher factor intensity,such as knowledge,science and technology,has a weak influence on manufacturing servitization,while capital-intensive emerging industries and traditional service industries have a greater influence on manufacturing servitization.Ⅵ.The influence effects possess enterprise heterogeneity.Under the ownership of different enterprises,there are great differences in enterprise’s management mode,organizational structure and operation volume.As a result,a differentiated phenomenon is formed in which the private producer services agglomeration promotes the private manufacturing servitization,while the agglomeration of state-owned producer services has a weak inhibitory effect on the manufacturing servitization.To sum up,the following policy suggestions are hereby put forward on the development of producer services agglomeration to promote the development of manufacturing industry: firstly,integrate regional factor markets to promote the free flow of factors;secondly,promote the producer services agglomeration to improve the level of manufacturing servitization;thirdly,rationally lay out industrial space to reduce the disadvantages of agglomeration siphon effect;fourthly,actively make innovation and regulate production to enhance the agglomeration effect of producer services;fifthly,optimize the industrial transmission path mechanism to enhance the effect of gain path,and implement customized policy guidance to give full play to the positive effect of agglomeration.