Research On Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks Deployment And Topology Control Based On Localization

Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks(UASNs),as an important tool of ocean exploration and development,can be widely used in many fields such as underwater environment monitoring,resource exploration,military intrusion detection and so on.It has become one of the hot spots of research in the world.When UASNs is applied underwater,the effective coverage for monitoring objects is required to ensure the integrity of data perceived and collected.And a reasonable and reliable topology structure is the key to ensure the complete and effective transmission of collected data.And the position information of nodes in UASNs is a crucial basis for deployment coverage and topology control of UASNs.Therefore,the three key issues of UASNs that node localization,deployment coverage and topology control are researched in this paper.The specific research work is as follows:First,aiming at the inaccurate localization of UASNs nodes caused by underwater stratification effect,this paper considers the nonlinear changes of underwater sound velocity caused by stratification effect and establishes a stratification medium model about sound velocity.The transmission path of sound waves is analyzed by the ray theory.And combined the kinematic equation of the acoustic ray,the transmission distance between unknown nodes and anchor nodes is obtained.Based on the obtained distance,the localization problem is transformed into the localization precision optimization problem.Then the particle swarm optimization model is improved,and the node localization algorithm compensating underwater stratification effect is designed to improve the localization accuracy of static nodes in UASNs.Secondly,based on the node localization compensating the stratification effect,the impact of anchor node security,node mobility and real-time change of sound velocity are considered to improve the localization accuracy of mobile nodes in UASNs.According to the information interaction between anchor nodes and malicious nodes,a screening mechanism for reliable anchor nodes is established.Then the asynchronization about arrival locations of communication delay of different anchor nodes caused by node mobility is considered.Thus,a unscented kalman filter model about communication delay is studied.And the coastal acoustic tomography inversion method is used to obtain the real-time underwater sound velocity.Then a safe and accurate mobile node localization algorithm is designed to improve the localization accuracy of mobile nodes in UASNs.Thirdly,based on the obtained precise position of mobile nodes,the optimal coverage for the monitoring target events is explored with the minimum node energy consumption.The two important performances of the deployment algorithm that coverage and node energy consumption are considered.Then the node deployment energy consumption performance index and the coverage performance index that can effectively evaluate coverage and coverage uniformity are established.Subsequently,the movement modes of mobile nodes in the deployment process of UASNs are constructed inspired by the foraging behavior of krill swarms.Then,combined with the interactive information between nodes,the UASNs energy efficiency deployment algorithm for events coverage is designed to achieve the optimal coverage of target events with minimum node energy consumption.Finally,on the basis of the optimal deployment of UASNs,the energy-saving and faulttolerant topology is explored considering the energy limitation of nodes and node failure caused by the complex underwater environment.Then continuous power characteristic of nodes is analyzed,then the continuous learning automaton power optimization mechanism is established.Subsequently,the node lifetime model is established and energy efficiency fitness function is constructed by analyzing the node load and energy consumption.Then the preferred connection mechanism with scale-free characteristics was introduced and improved.Thus,the energy-saving and fault-tolerant topology evolution algorithm of UASNs is designed to improve the fault tolerance for failure nodes and extend network lifetime.