| The problem of qualia,i.e.,why and how the objective physical processes in our brain can trigger the subjective experience,is the most difficult and controversial issue in the study of consciousness.Emotional feeling is one type of qualia,i.e.the subjective experience of emotions,such as feeling happy.This experience is subjective,intrinsic,private and ineffable.With the development of artificial intelligence,people hope that machines can also have consciousness and emotion,thus forming two new research fields called machine consciousness and affective computing.There are two goals in these two studies:one is to make machines look conscious and emotional,and can show some conscious and emotional behavior;while the other is to let machines truly have conscious experience and emotional feelings like human beings.Most of the current researches are aimed at the first goal.While for the second goal,the traditional methods in artificial intelligence,such as symbolic computing and neural network,can not describe qualia due to the limitation of their computing capability;therefore,it is necessary to adopt new methods and technologies,such as quantum computing and brain-machine integrated systems(cyborg intelligence),to achieve this goal.On the other hand,emotional feelings are the source,motivation and appeal of human artistic creation(such as music,dance,etc.).However,in the existing systems of machine artistic creation(such as robot dance),due to the lack of emotional feelings,machines are completely without inspiration while creating artworks,so that the level of machine artistic creation cannot be further improved.Based on the above considerations,in order to solve the problem of qualia,and let machines also have emotional feelings which at the same time can be embodied in the artistic creation,thus improving the level of machine artistic creation,we carried out the following three tasks:(1)For the first time,a neuro-quantum theory of emotional feelings was constructed.The main points of the theory are as follows:There are widespread entangled neurons in the brain,mainly in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala,which are respectively responsible for emotional cognition(i.e.,the cognitive aspect of emotion)and emotional feelings;emotional feelings arise from the quantum collapse of a certain size of neurons in the amygdala,alone with the quantum collapse of the neurons in the prefrontal cortex;that is,emotional feelings and emotional cognition are entangled and arise at the same time.Therefore,an emotion system can be seen as a quantum system,and described by quantum theory;so that the ambiguity,uncertainty and the nonlinear characteristic of emotion can be also characterized.In addition,the theory gives a complete emotion circuit,and is able to explain the influence of mood,environment and brain damage on emotional feelings.(2)Based on the above theory,a quantum computational model of emotional feelings is created.First,a model of quantum neurons is proposed,in which neurons can perform whatever quantum computing through interaction.Then,a computational model of emotional feelings based on quantum neurons is created.Moreover,personality,mood and emotional memory are also introduced into the model.Finally,the model was simulated on IBM Q Experience,a quantum computing simulation platform,to demonstrate its validity.(3)Based on the above model,a robot dance system embodying emotional feelings was developed.In this system,robots do the emotion recognition of musical phrases according to emotional feelings of music,do the dance phrase match and adjustment according to the emotional feelings of musical and dance phrases,and do the dance performance according to the integrated emotional feelings of music and dance.Therefore,robots are sentient and subjective in the process of dance choreography,rehearsal and performance.The experimental results show that our robot dance can well express the emotions of the accompanying music.In addition,our system can produce a variety of dance movements for one piece of music,showing the novelty and diversity of robot dance.In summary,the theory of emotional feelings,the quantum computational model and the robot dance system proposed in this paper can promote the theoretical research of consciousness and emotion,the solution of the qualia problem,the development of machine consciousness and affective computing,and the improvement of machine artistic creation;and have high value both on theory and practice. |
