A Study Of Erich Fromm’s Humanistic Moral Education

The Western-oriented view of morality has had many negative effects on China.In particular,after the reform and opening up,people’s values changed dramatically with the liberation of ideas in the field of superstructure and the establishment of a market economy system.Interest standards,physical mechanisms,and exchange principles have penetrated into all non-economic fields,and individualism,utilitarianism,and egoism have flourished and spread everywhere.The abundance of material life does not bring richness to people’s souls.Instead,it makes people become appendages to “things,” lose themselves in the pursuit of material desires,be deprived of their dignity and value as human beings,and the realization of good nature is also hindered in reality.People are facing unprecedented difficulties in survival,especially in the search for the meaning of survival.In order to effectively resist the erosion of individualism and utilitarianism on us and thoroughly understand the absurdity of personal values,we urgently need to study,reflect on,and criticize the abstract humanist view of moral education,with a view to constructing a moral education concept that meets the development requirements of the new era by truly clarifying and clarifying “human” issues as an important breakthrough.As a representative figure of the abstract humanistic moral education concept in the West,the famous American humanistic philosopher and psychoanalyst Erich Fromm achieved fruitful results throughout his life.In his complex and diverse ideological system,humanistic thought runs through the entire process.Analyzing the spiritual essence and practical significance of Fromm’s original ideas,and reflecting on and criticizing them on the basis of Marxist morality helps to truly understand the spiritual core of Fromm’s humanist moral education ideas,circumvent their abstract human assumptions and idealistic tendencies,and provide intellectual support for constructing a new era of moral education on this basis.Fromm emphasized moral values aimed at human self-realization,and placed special emphasis on the compatibility between morality and inner conscience.His main views are reflected in the following four aspects:First,Fromm keenly sensed the alienated reality and contradictions of capitalist society.By analyzing the actual pattern of alienation in capitalist society,Fromm revealed the control and suppression of human nature in a “mechanized” life under Western industrialized society,and further clarified the living conditions of people in capitalist society.As a result,Fromm gradually realized that the loss of moral subjectivity,lack of self-awareness,rational judgment,and empathy,all of which can harm the perception of life happiness.Therefore,he criticized the existing social ethical model that is contrary to human nature,with the intention of cultivating democratic citizens with a sense of self-love,productive personality,humanistic conscience,and individual happiness.Second,Fromm refutes the “social filter”’s filtering of individuals’ true feelings and thoughts,the manipulation and control of individual individuality by social personality,and the suppression of true humanity by internal social ethics.He advocates abandoning authoritarian factors and “money value orientation” in the education system.This educational concept contributes to find solutions to our country’s moral education dilemma.Third,Fromm is centered on “people,” and believes that the consequences of good and evil are not necessarily the same or predetermined.The decision-making power lies in people themselves,in their ability to seriously care about themselves,life and happiness,in their willingness to face their own and social moral problems,and in their courage to become themselves and live for themselves.Fourth,he used “love” as a breakthrough in moral practice,and used “experiential knowledge” to reintegrate with the world in a constructive manner and gain a sense of security and strength.However,a society must achieve individual goodness and social goodness in order to create human happiness.The path to achieving the ultimate good requires both rational consciousness to awaken internal moral consciousness and the promotion of social,political,economic,cultural,and other changes to create an external environment suitable for “human” existence.This paper starts with the historical background,theoretical sources,and human model of Fromms’ humanist moral education ideas,analyzes the actual causes of the formation of Fromms’ humanist moral education ideas,distills the views of Fromms’ humanist moral education ideas,and analyzes and explores the core principles of Fromms’ humanist moral education ideas.Although Fromm’s ideology of moral education has some rationality,he is based on biological abstract humanity as the root and foundation of moral codes,uses superclass and superhistorical human scales,establishes moral codes based on universal humanity,and tries to establish basic ethical principles applicable to all times,all societies,and all classes.This is undoubtedly an abstract principle based on a ideological view of history.Therefore,after analyzing the basic views of Fromm’s humanist moral education,this paper focuses on using the Marxist view of material history to examine its value and ideological criticism,which helps to resist and eliminate the negative influence of abstract morality on China,re-examine the moral construction and moral education practices of Chinese citizens in the new era,thus making a positive contribution to the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.