Study On The Development Of Stadium-Type Sports Service Complex From The Perspective Of Symbiosis Theory

In October 2013,the State General Administration of Sport and other eight departments issued Opinions on Strengthening the Reform and Innovation of Operation and Management of large sports Venues and Improving the level of public Services,which proposed for the first time that "stadiums should be built into sports service complexes on the premise of not changing the public nature of stadiums".In October 2021,the State General Administration of Sport proposed in the "14th Five-Year Plan for Sports Development" that "a number of sports service complexes should be constructed to help the construction of new urbanization".In view of the current development situation of domestic stadiums and gymnasiums,the service supply of stadiums and gymnasiums does not meet the needs of the masses,which is the realistic dilemma of the current development of stadiums and gymnasiums.However,it is an important direction for the future development of stadiums and gymnasiums to meet the needs of different groups and provide diversified and one-stop services.However,in the process of transforming Chinese sports stadiums into sports service complex,there are some problems in internal spatial layout,format configuration,and synergistic interaction with other external buildings and Spaces.At the same time,some regions blindly follow the trend when promoting the transformation of sports stadiums into sports service complex,with a serious tendency of homogeneity.It is urgent to promote its rational and orderly development under the guidance of relevant theories.How to transform and upgrade the stadiums and gymnasiums,it is necessary to find the corresponding theories to solve the existing problems.On the basis of symbiosis theory,this study uses literature,case analysis,field investigation,expert interview,questionnaire survey,principal component analysis and other research methods to study relevant issues from eight parts,including current situation analysis,theory introduction,internal symbiosis,external symbiosis,case analysis,functional demand analysis,foreign experience and development strategy.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,based on the analysis of the current situation of the development of Chinese stadium-type sports service complex,it is found that the development trend of Chinese stadium-type sports service complex is generally positive,social capital is actively involved,attention is paid to internal function optimization,cross-border symbiosis system development,digital economy enabling venues,etc.However,it also faces internal difficulties such as weak development of core business forms,constraints of current policies and regulations,restrictions of venue management system,and external difficulties such as poor symbiotic energy generation due to unscientific planning and design,lack of external symbiotic units due to location influence on development impetus,and poor reconstruction and construction effect due to lack of systematic theoretical guidance.Secondly,it introduces the symbiosis theory into the stadium-type complex.Firstly,it analyzes the necessity and feasibility of introducing the symbiosis theory into the sports service complex,and believes that the symbiosis theory plays an important guiding role in the development of stadium-type sports service complex.At the same time,the symbiosis dimension of stadium-type sports service complex is analyzed from both time and space,and the symbiosis system of stadium-type sports service complex is constructed in a more comprehensive way.The sufficient and necessary conditions,energy generation principle,characteristics and symbiosis target of the symbiosis system are analyzed,and the application of symbiosis theory in stadium-type sports service complex is briefly introduced.It lays a theoretical foundation for the related research in the following chapters.Thirdly,the internal symbiosis system of stadio-type sports service complex is constructed.The internal symbiosis system is composed of symbiosis environment,symbiosis mode and symbiosis unit.The symbiosis environment is divided into hard environment and soft environment,the hard environment includes economy,policy and technology environment,and the soft environment includes geographical location and land use environment.The best symbiosis mode is symmetrical mutualism.The symbiotic unit includes sports function,leisure and entertainment function,culture function,business function,health function,office function,conference and exhibition function,etc.The optimization direction of the internal symbiosis system is proposed from three aspects: promoting the improvement of the environment of the internal symbiosis of the complex,promoting the optimization of the model of the internal symbiosis of the complex,and improving the energy of the unit of the internal symbiosis of the complex.Fourthly,the external symbiotic system of stadium-type sports service complex is constructed,which is mainly composed of symbiotic environment,symbiotic mode and symbiotic unit,and its symbiotic interface is analyzed.According to the symbiosis environment,the external symbiosis unit is divided into four units: space unit,transportation unit,economic unit and cultural unit.Based on this,four subsystems of symbiosis between complex and external environment are constructed.Then,with mutualism as the goal,the optimization direction of the four subsystems is studied respectively,which lays the foundation for the proposal of the symbiosis strategy of stadium-type sports service complex in the following paper.Fifth,from the perspective of symbiosis theory,typical cases such as Huaxi ·LIVE Wukesong,Beijing Workers’ Stadium and Chengdu Donganhu Sports Park are analyzed to show how each complex uses symbiosis theory to promote its development.It is found that the practice of internal symbiosis in Wukesong project of Huaxi ·LIVE is mainly reflected in its functional transformation,internal multitype symbiosis,rational space planning and application,and external symbiosis is mainly reflected in the overall planning classification of Haidian District where it is located,customer group and business type selection.The internal symbiosis of Beijing Workers’ Stadium is mainly to build a complex project around "workers’ IP".Featuring sports content and focusing on sports services,it breaks through the business model of traditional shopping centers,bringing new experiences and feelings to consumers and enhancing the sense of experience and immersion of commercial space.External symbiosis is mainly embodied in protecting urban cultural features,relieving urban traffic pressure,and surrounding commercial environment symbiosis.Symbiosis practice of Chengdu Donganhu Sports Park project is mainly reflected in its special regional planning and shared open symbiosis interface,combining with urban planning,realizing multi-compound space construction according to local conditions,inheriting and developing the results of urban design planning in terms of scale and function of greenway,and realizing the infiltration of landscape into the city through the shaping of plants and terrain and the guidance of sight line.To achieve the symbiosis and integration of urban landscape effect.Sixth,under the background of the transformation and development of sports service complex,the functional requirements of Wuhan Optics Valley International Tennis Center are deeply analyzed.First of all,the difficulties faced by Optics Valley International Tennis Center in the operation process,such as the suspension of core events,high operating costs and low comprehensive benefits,are the practical motivations for its transformation and development of sports service complex.Secondly,the development status and consumer demand of the surrounding area of Optics Valley International Tennis Center are the main basis for its functional transformation.Finally,based on the investigation results of the development status of the surrounding regions and consumer demands of Optics Valley International Tennis Center,the main direction of functional transformation of Optics Valley International Tennis Center is proposed.First,the principle of promoting regional symbiotic development is to optimize the venue’s functional positioning.The second is to promote the integration of symbiotic units as the basis to achieve the function expansion of venues.Seventh,through the analysis of high-quality foreign cases such as the L.A.LIVE complex in the United States,the Coventry complex in the United Kingdom and the Singapore Sports City complex,the comparative analysis of the development of Chinese and foreign stadium-type complex is carried out,and it is found that there are certain differences in the leading mode,development objectives,development objects and facility transformation of stadium-type sports service complex at home and abroad.It also draws the enlightenment that the domestic needs to formulate the action plan for complex development,vigorously transform the professional arena into the complex,keep up with the new trend of information technology development,and seek trans-boundary symbiosis and complementary cooperation.Eighth,based on the previous research,the following strategies are put forward for the symbiotic development of stadiums sports service complex: For the transformation of existing venues into stadium-type sports service complexes,it proposes to improve policies and regulations,strengthen the environmental induction mechanism,coordinate the layout of business forms,enhance the symbiotic dynamic mechanism,intensify reform,slow down the symbiotic damping mechanism to strengthen the generation of internal symbiotic relations,make overall planning and design,promote regional symbiotic development and prosper the content industry.The dimensions of symbiosis units should be broadened,construction guidelines should be issued,and experience of symbiosis should be provided to promote external symbiosis.For the new stadium-type complex,it is proposed to enhance the symbiotic unit density,carry out sports consumption survey,highlight the construction process guidance to promote the internal symbiosis,and strengthen the multi-fund support,the symbiotic development of the surrounding area,the stadium reconstruction and symbiotic development to promote the external symbiosis.