Research On The Influence Of Social Capital On College Students’ Entrepreneurial Behavior

Under the background of "Mass participation in entrepreneurship and innovation",how to give full play to the advantages of college students to realize their entrepreneurial ideals and stimulate the new vitality of the market economy is one of the issues hotly discussed by the whole country.In order to encourage college students to start their own businesses,the government has launched various supportive policies,and colleges and universities have responded by carrying out various innovation and entrepreneurship training programs to cultivate college students’ entrepreneurial literacy.However,the nationwide entrepreneurship rate of college students is still not high,which is due to the lack of social capital and other resources and the imbalance of their ability development.In view of this,this study intends to take social capital as the entry point to deeply explore the formation logic and trigger mechanism of college students’ entrepreneurial behavior.Based on the review of existing literature,this study proposes the research route of "entrepreneurial intention => ability development => entrepreneurial performance" Specific research programs and analysis framework are designed according to the three development stages of entrepreneurial behaviors.Taking the entrepreneurial success of college students as the research objective,this study organized field survey and interview,and collected the entrepreneurial data of 1121 college students from college business incubators and business parks in 8 cities of Yangtze River Delta.Based on the obtained data,empirical analysis was carried out by using hierarchical regression method and structural equation model.The findings of this study are as follows:(1)On the whole,family social capital,structural social capital,relational social capital and cognitive social capital have a collective effect on college students’ entrepreneurial intention,entrepreneurial ability and entrepreneurial performance.However,the structure of the four types of capital has a dynamic adjustment process in the three stages.This adjustment process is the external manifestation of the independent and conscious development of individual entrepreneurial ability of college students.(2)In the development stage of entrepreneurial intention,the four types of social capital all constitute positive factors of entrepreneurial intention of college students.But subjectively,entrepreneurs believe that family social capital plays the most direct and more critical role in the formation of entrepreneurial intention of college students,providing important foundation for the germination of entrepreneurial ideas.In the test of mediating effect,this study also found that during this period,promoting entrepreneurship education participation through campus entrepreneurship education and training can enhance the influence of social capital on college students’ entrepreneurial intentions.(3)In the development stage of entrepreneurial ability,the four types of social capital all constitute positive factors of the development of entrepreneurial ability of college students,but the relational social capital has the most obvious effect on the entrepreneurial ability of college students,and more attention is paid to the quality of social capital.In addition,in the test of mediating effect,this paper finds that the effect of social capital on college students’ entrepreneurial ability can be enhanced by improving entrepreneurship education participation and entrepreneurial intention.Among them,the moderating effect of entrepreneurship education participation is more obvious.(4)At the stage of entrepreneurial performance development,the four types of social capital all constitute positive factors of entrepreneurial performance development of college students,but structural social capital has the most obvious effect,paying more attention to social interaction and the position of entrepreneurs in the social network.In the mediation test,this study found that under the influence of a single intermediary,the effect of entrepreneurial ability as the intermediary is the most obvious,and among the three groups of chain mediation,the effect of entrepreneurial education participation and entrepreneurial ability is the most obvious.This also proves to some extent that at the later stage of development,the performance of college student entrepreneurs is more reliable on their individual ability development,which also indicates that the basic sign of entrepreneurial success is the successful shaping of independent thinking and independent ability of college students.Based on the above research results,this paper argues that to succeed in entrepreneurship,college students must first establish a correct cognitive view of social capital and have accurate recognition ability.At the same time,it is necessary to comprehensively consider how to continuously accumulate social capital of entrepreneurship and promote the success of entrepreneurship of college students from different levels,such as individuals,universities and governments.In the end,this paper also puts forward some suggestions for the realization of college students’ recursive entrepreneurial action.