Research On Flexible Employment Under The New Business Forms Of College Graduates From Low-income Families

The rapid development of information and communication technology and the extensive use of the Internet have profoundly changed all fields of production and life in human society.Digital technology represented by the Internet,big data,cloud computing and artificial intelligence has rapidly penetrated into the economic cycle,bringing about the transformation of employment methods and employment choices.Under the new business forms,a large number of emerging flexible jobs have become an important channel to absorb employment.According to statistics,there are about 200 million flexible employees in China’s 750 million employed population.College graduates are an important group that newly join the employment force and choose flexible employment.They have obvious advantages in acquiring digital knowledge and digital technology,and their thinking is more active and their innovation ability is stronger.More and more college graduates choose flexible employment.Flexible employment under new business forms also provides an important export for promoting the employment of college graduates.As a key group of employment assistance,college graduates from low-income families often have problems such as low employment quality caused by lack of family capital,limited access to employment information,weak occupational adaptability and interpersonal skills,high job-seeking cost pressure,serious inferiority complex and anxiety,etc.Under the new business forms,flexible jobs are widely distributed and flexible,showing the characteristics of de-employer platform,etc.The Internet Use provides the possibility to improve their human capital and social capital and solve their employment problems caused by lack of family capital.Based on the general situation of low-income students’ flexible employment,this study focuses on whether the use of the Internet can improve the human capital and social capital of graduates from low-income families in the process of flexible employment under the new business forms,so as to provide the possibility to solve their employment problems caused by the lack of family capital.It also analyzes the role of Internet use in employment quality and discusses the difficulties and support measures faced by flexible employment under the new business forms.The research is of great significance to promote higher quality and fuller employment and promote employment equity.Theoretically,it is helpful to enrich and improve the content of flexible employment theory under the new business forms,expand the research on the employment of graduates from low-income families,and provide reference for formulating corresponding flexible employment promotion policies and promoting employment guidance for college graduates.In this study,the methods of questionnaire investigation was used.The method of data collection was questionnaire sampling,the method of data analysis was quantitative analysis.The data comes from the survey on employment and entrepreneurship of college graduates nationwide undertaken by Shandong University.The questionnaire survey was conducted from March to April,2022.A total of 3,127 graduates participated in this survey.2,628 valid questionnaires are obtained,including 1,564 questionnaires were filled out by flexible employees and 1,064 questionnaires were filled out by inflexible employees.The conclusions are as follows:First,graduates from low-income families have higher stability in flexible employment.The main reasons for choosing flexible employment are that flexible employees like free time and work without too many rules and regulations.High income can maximize their talents,etc.Compared with the past when they were forced to choose flexible employment because of being squeezed out by the job market,a large part of young workers in today’s era are attracted and actively choose flexible employment.Second,the human capital of graduates from low-income families has a significant impact on flexible employment choice,while the influence of family capital is gradually weakening.The influence of human capital on flexible employment choice of graduates from lowincome families is greater than that of family capital.The Internet use can improve the graduates’ human capital and social capital while the effect of human capital is significant and the influence of family capital is weakened.It can effectively solve the"weakness" of human capital and family capital of graduates from low-income families and provide the possibility of "shaping the strong".Third,the influence of Internet use on employment quality is reflected in the fact that Internet use has a positive impact on job stability,job income and job income satisfaction.What needs attention is that under the new employment pattern,flexible employees enjoy the increase of jobs brought by the Internet,the increase of income and the improvement of employment quality,and at the same time,they are subject to the "management" and "discipline" brought by the"algorithm management" of the Internet platform.This is a "free and flexible"employment mode,but because of the algorithm management,workers lose the initiative to choose labor methods and control their own labor process to a certain extent while relying on the platform for employment.Fourth,the difficulties faced by flexible employment under the new buniness forms include the impact of flexible employment on the existing labor law system,the lack of social security for flexible employees,the lack of public management and services for flexible employees,problems with graduates from low-income families such as psychological inferiority complex,weak practical skills,the influence of values and other practical difficulties and concerns.It is necessary to promote the exploration of the identification of non-standard labor relations,establish and improve the social insurance system compatible with flexible employment,continuously improve the protection of the rights and interests of flexible employees and the level of public services,and do a good job in the employment and entrepreneurship of young people such as college graduates through measures such as job development and strengthening employment services.The innovation of this research is embodied in three aspects:perspective innovation,research ideas innovation and viewpoint innovation.First,the research on flexible employment of college graduates under the new business forms of perspective innovation is a forward-looking and significant research direction.At the same time,employment guidance and assistance for graduates from low-income families has always been the focus of employment work.The research on flexible employment of college graduates under the new business forms rarely classifies students with different family backgrounds,and the employment guidance and assistance for graduates from low-income families are rarely divided into different employment fields.This research realizes the cross-combination of these two types of topics.In the research on flexible employment of graduates from low-income families,we grasp the overall situation of flexible employment of college graduates.In the research on flexible employment under the new business forms,we explore ways to promote the employment quality of graduates from low-income families.Second,the research ideas are innovative.The existing research on flexible employment under the new business forms tends to focus on one aspect,such as social insurance and rights issues,current situation and satisfaction issues.This research is a comprehensive analysis of the flexible employment situation of low-income college graduates under the new business forms.It is carried out along the idea of "flexible employment situation-the impact of human capital and family capital on flexible employment choices-the promotion effect of the Internet on human capital and social capital-the impact of the Internet on the overall employment quality-the difficulties faced by flexible employment and support measures".The overall research ideas are more systematic and richer in content.Third,the viewpoint innovation holds that the stability of flexible employment of graduates from low-income families is high,and a large part of them are "attracted" and actively choose flexible employment.It is considered that the role of human capital and family capital in flexible employment under new business forms is different from that of traditional employment.Human capital has a significant impact on flexible employment choice,while the impact of family capital is gradually weakening.Human capital has a greater impact on the choice of flexible employment for graduates from low-income families than family capital.