The Reform Of Appointment System Of University Teachers In China

Since the late 1980s,according to the principles of setting posts on demand,open recruitment,equal competition,merit based appointment,salary based on posts and contract management,China’s colleges and universities have vigorously promoted the reform of teacher appointment system,made great efforts to transform the employment mechanism,and taken a series of positive measures in strengthening school human resource planning,condensing excellent talents and strengthening post management,It has effectively promoted the transformation of university teachers from identity management to post management,from fixed employment to contract employment,and enhanced the vitality and vitality of colleges and universities.The reform of university teachers appointment system has become an important institutional guarantee to mobilize teachers’ initiative and enthusiasm,improve the overall level of university teachers and enhance the professional attraction of university teachers.However,there are some urgent problems to be improved in the reform of university teachers appointment system in China:the reform of appointment system is basically led by the government,focusing on the rigid promotion of policy system and ignoring the active participation of teachers;When colleges and universities promote the reform,they are in a leading position,focusing on the unified requirements at the school level and paying less attention to the personalized needs of teachers;Focus on external constraints and incentives,but lack of exertion of teachers’ internal subjectivity;The "Tenure-Track"—"Tenured"system,which was originated from the western tenure also gradually presents the tendency of"performance instrumentalization" in China’s colleges and universities.Teachers become tools and means to realize the academic growth of colleges and universities,and the development of teachers is sacrificed.The in-depth study of these problems and seeking solutions will contribute to the construction of university teachers and further improve the overall quality of teachers.This paper holds that Marxist Humanistic Thought has guiding significance for solving the problems in the current reform of teacher appointment system in colleges and universities.Marxist Humanistic Thought is based on the specific people in real life,that is,the people who are active,free and conscious,and constantly create history in perceptual activities,and finally realize everyone’s free and all-round development through individual independent activities,including labor.Everyone’s free and all-round development occupies a core position in the Marxist theoretical system.It is the ultimate foothold of Marx’s ultimate humanistic care for people,the highest realm of human pursuit of self liberation,and the value goal of Marx’s construction of a future communist society.This paper attempts to take the Marxist Humanistic Thought as the guidance,take the lack of humanistic concept in the reform of university teacher appointment system as the starting point,conduct a comprehensive study on the literature of university teacher appointment system reform on the basis of Historical Tracing and systematic combing of Marxist Humanistic Thought,combined with case in-depth analysis and learn from the reform experience of university teacher appointment system at home and abroad,This paper puts forward the theoretical conception and practical operation mode of promoting the reform of university teachers appointment system in China based on Marxist Humanistic Thought.Firstly,this paper expounds the scientific connotation of humanistic thought and Marxist Humanistic Thought.This study believes that the humanistic thought in Chinese traditional culture and western traditional culture is very rich.Including Marx himself,Marxist Humanistic Thought makes a systematic and innovative research on humanistic theory on the basis of inheriting and carrying forward traditional culture.This paper holds that the theoretical nature and ideological connotation of Marxist Humanistic Thought not only represents a concept of value,but also means a concept of existence.It is not only a human based value concept,but also a human based concept of existence;It is a kind of human theory and philosophical thought that studies realistic people and their historical development.It is also a kind of life philosophy and value philosophy that expresses people’s life spirit and value pursuit.It is the unity of values,ethics,history and world outlook.This paper also focuses on the internal relationship between Marxist Humanistic Thought and university teachers appointment system from the aspects of the working characteristics of university teachers and the humanistic meaning contained in the appointment system reform.Secondly,from the perspective of Marxist Humanistic Thought,this study studies the history and current situation of the reform of university teachers appointment system in China.Based on the comprehensive investigation and analysis of the reform history of the appointment system of university teachers in China after the founding of the people’s Republic of China,this paper takes three domestic universities as examples to analyze the implementation of the appointment system,and systematically analyzes the problems existing in the reform of the appointment system of university teachers in China,especially the lack of humanism in the practice of the appointment system.Thirdly,with the reference of Marxist Humanistic Thought and the basic attitude of absorption and reference,the paper comprehensively analyzes the implementation of foreign university teacher appointment system,focuses on the comparative study of the practice of university teacher appointment system in the United States,Germany and Japan,and analyzes the characteristics and reform experience of teacher appointment system in these countries,In particular,it contains the humanistic value orientation,in order to provide reference for the reform of university teachers appointment system in China.Finally,the paper puts forward the reform idea of university teachers appointment system based on Marxist Humanistic Thought.This study thinks mainly from the two aspects of macro overall reform ideas and micro specific response strategies,and believes that the main goal of the reform of teacher appointment system in colleges and universities is not only to promote the improvement of the development level of higher education,comprehensively promote the discipline construction and development of colleges and universities,take improving the quality of talent training as the benchmark,but also to promote the development of teachers,In particular,we should pay attention to mobilizing teachers’ enthusiasm,initiative and creativity.Therefore,this paper advocates to create a right first and free-based environment outside colleges and universities,so as to make the appointment system reform have a good social atmosphere and relevant policy support;At the same time,we should implement a multi governance and people-oriented appointment system in colleges and universities,so as to maximize the enthusiasm of teachers,give full play to teachers’ initiative and promote the connotative development of higher education.