Research On The Enhancement Of Labor Benefits In The Process Of Common Prosperity And Modernization

Labor is a unique and dynamic practical activity of human beings,which not only creates human civilization but also social wealth.Socialist society is a society for the working people,and workers should be allowed to receive more benefits.This paper takes enhancing labor benefits as the research object based on China’s modern development goals and the requirements of common prosperity.The CPC has always attached great importance to the interests and incomes of the working people and constantly met the needs of the people.However,so far,the problem of low labor returns still exists,and the existence of this problem not only affects the recognition of the status of workers as masters,but also directly restricts their labor enthusiasm,which is not conducive to promoting the realization of the goal of common prosperity and modernization.To achieve the goal of common prosperity and modernization,it is necessary to enhance labor benefits.This article adheres to the unity of theoretical logic,historical logic,value logic,and practical logic.On the basis of sorting out the origins of distribution theory and examining institutional changes,this paper conducts empirical research on the current situation of labor benefits in China,and deeply analyzes the reasons for the low labor benefits.Then,it clarifies how to enhance labor benefits under the guidance of the goal of common prosperity and modernization.This article is divided into the following parts.Firstly,this article outlines the basic connotations of labor and labor benefits.Labor is the foundation of human society’s survival and development.According to traditional labor classification theory,labor can be divided into concrete labor and abstract labor,simple labor and complex labor,and digital labor.Labor income includes the income of workers under various economic components,including the income obtained based on distribution according to work in the public ownership economy,as well as the income obtained by the employee sector through the sale of labor commodities in the non-public economy,and the income obtained by the self-employed sector through the sale of commodities.Improving labor returns has a profound theoretical basis,which not only fully reflects the Marxist theory of distribution according to work,but also reflects and transcends Western distribution ideas,and inherits the excellent traditional Chinese cultural labor concept.Therefore,enhancing labor benefits fully reflects the essence of socialism and is also in line with the goal of common prosperity and modernization.Secondly,this article examines the process of labor income growth since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.It should be noted that the CPC has always been exploring ways to improve the treatment of workers with the goal of common prosperity.According to the growth status of labor income,we divide the labor income status into the following three stages.The first stage: the period of socialist revolution and construction.We have changed from multiple distribution methods to emphasizing distribution according to work,affirming the status of workers,and continuously increasing labor benefits.However,the issue of egalitarianism is prominent and affects labor efficiency.The second stage: the period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization construction.We proposed the idea of "leading the rich first and then the rich later,in order to achieve common prosperity",transforming from a single public ownership to the coexistence of multiple economic components.Due to the expansion of capital leading to low labor returns,the contradiction between capital and labor remuneration has become the main problem.Phase Three: Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,as socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era,we have continuously adjusted the goal orientation of fairness and efficiency,proposed the concept of shared development centered on the people,continuously increased labor benefits,and enabled all people to move towards the phased goal of common prosperity and modernization.Once again,this article empirically examines the reality of labor returns.Currently,in the public ownership economy,although labor income has been increasing year by year,the proportion of benefits between state-owned enterprise executives and ordinary employees is unreasonable,and the growth of labor income not only lags behind the growth of enterprise profits,but also lags behind the growth of enterprise productivity.In the non-public economy,the average salary of workers in private enterprises is lower than that of workers in state-owned enterprises;The erosion of labor by capital not only causes a reverse deviation between labor benefits and labor contributions,but also leads to an imbalance in the proportion of labor capital benefits to GDP;The labor income of the self-employed department is relatively low.At the same time,the labor income gap between urban and rural areas,regions,and industries is gradually widening.Clarifying the current situation of labor income and distribution gap is an important focus to solve the problem of low labor income,narrow the distribution gap,and promote the realization of common prosperity.From this perspective,this article analyzes the main reasons for low labor returns.Firstly,there is an imbalance in the labor capital relationship.The demographic dividend since the reform and opening up has led to an oversupply of ordinary labor in the market.As a result,the positions of labor and capital in the distribution of benefits are extremely unequal,and internal operators and capital owners occupy the main distribution body,resulting in a lower proportion of labor in the initial distribution.The pattern of strong capital and weak labor has made "profit eroding wages" a common reality.Secondly,there are multiple institutional divisions in the labor market.The institutional barriers formed by registered residence,social network and the nature of ownership have not been eliminated,resulting in the high institutional cost of free labor mobility and the inability to achieve effective allocation of labor factors.This is not only reflected in the phenomenon of a "dual track system" in labor employment,but also in the increasingly clear division of the labor market between competitive and monopolistic industries.Thirdly,the wage system and wage price formation mechanism are not perfect.Wages are the main way for workers to obtain labor remuneration.Currently,many companies lack a salary strategy,have a single promotion channel for their employees,and their performance evaluations are not in place,all of which are not conducive to improving labor returns.Fourthly,the system for ensuring the benefits of workers is not yet sound.This is not only reflected in the inadequate legal protection system for labor wages in China,but also in the inadequate mechanisms for resolving labor compensation disputes and for workers to participate in enterprise management and decision-making.If labor income remains low for a long time,it not only restricts consumption driven economic growth,but also restricts the adjustment of China’s economic structure,and is not conducive to mobilizing the work enthusiasm of workers,thereby affecting the achievement of the goal of common prosperity and modernization.Finally,this article proposes countermeasures and suggestions to enhance labor benefits.Improving the benefits of workers is an important measure that meets the needs of social equity and economic development,and is also the only way to achieve modernization of common prosperity.It is not only conducive to achieving social stability and promoting high-quality economic development,but also can stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of workers.In order to improve labor returns,enterprises in the public ownership economy should design salary strategies and incentive plans to improve the market-oriented mechanism of enterprise salary distribution.They should also establish and improve the profit sharing mechanism of state-owned capital by improving the management system of executive compensation,gradually increasing the scope and proportion of state-owned capital contribution,and promoting the transfer of state-owned capital returns to the field of people’s livelihood.The non-public sector of the economy needs to establish a sound enterprise wage system that is compatible with the market economy,improve the quality and productivity of the labor force,enhance the status of workers as masters,and build a harmonious labor capital relationship.Governments at all levels should actively formulate relevant policies,strengthen the protection of labor rights,continuously expand the employment scale of workers,and improve the business environment,in order to create more employment opportunities and space for improving labor benefits.