Research On Sino-US Technological Competition And US Technological Diplomacy Toward Chin

Under the background of intensifying strategic competition between China and the United State,the United States continues to escalate its science and technology containment measures against China and toughen its science and technology policy toward China,the competition in science and technology has become a key area in the strategic competition between China and the United States.The essence of this competition is to maintain US hegemony of science and technology and curb highquality development of China.Science and technology diplomacy has become an important tool for the United States to compete in science and technology with China,and open up a "new frontier" for contemporary diplomacy.Science and technology diplomacy has always been regarded as an important means to promote the development of inter-state relations and international science and technology cooperation,but less attention has been paid to the connotation and function of "competition" level of science and technology diplomacy.Therefore,this dissertation tries to construct a connection between science and technology competition and science and technology diplomacy,clarifying the connotation of science and technology competition and science and technology diplomacy,exploring the underlying logic of science and technology competition,analyzing the concept construction and practice path of science and technology competition,and focusing on the main performance,prominent characteristics and important role of science and technology diplomacy in the competition between the United States and China in science and technology.This dissertation holds that the increasing influence of science and technology,the close comparison of comprehensive strength between China and the United States and the change of strategic understanding of the United States towards China are the main reasons for the United States’ science and technology competition with China.In order to expand its competitive advantage in science and technology with China and maintain its hegemony in science and technology,the United States has strengthened its scientific and technological competition with China from the two levels of concept and practice.At the concept level,the United States associates science and technology issue with security issue,and constructs ideas through the securitization of science and technology issues.In practice,the United States adopts two paths of "strengthening itself" and "weakening others",enhancing its own scientific and technological strength domestically and suppressing China’s science and technology abroad.In this dissertation,the chip competition between China and the United States is selected as a case to analyze the competition and science and technology diplomacy between the United States and China.Under the background of strategic competition between China and the United States,chip,as a key strategic resource,has become a primary issue for national politicization,a key field for the United States to suppress China’s scientific and technological development and curb China’s industrial upgrading.The chip dispute has become the epitome of scientific and technological competition between China and United States.Review of China-US science and technology relations since the Obama administration took office,it can be seen that the strategic path of the US science and technology competition with China is gradually clear,the strategic system is increasingly improved,and the long-term,systematic and allied characteristics of the science and technology competition are becoming more prominent.Science and technology competition has gradually developed into the core issue of China-US strategic competition from the subtopic of economy and trade at the beginning.In this process,the system of American competition against China in science and technology has been basically formed.In the aspect of strategy design,public opinion mobilization,policy formulation and organization improvement have been completed.In terms of containment content,it covers a variety of fields that take chip as the center and radiate to other high-tech fields.In terms of the means of repression,a comprehensive policy toolbox has developed together with a focus on export control and outbound investment.While strengthening its domestic construction,the United States achieves its external goals through science and technology diplomacy,building science and technology alliances based on political purposes rather than industrial laws.The trend of alliance has been further strengthened since the Biden administration took office.By establishing new platforms or using existing diplomatic platforms,US builds Chineseexclusive supply chain alliances,forms an alliance of science and technology standards for exclusion from China through bilateral or multilateral science and technology diplomacy.To contain the development of China in the field of science and technology comprehensively,and lock the upgrading of China’s technology industry.In order to cope with the strategic competition between China and the United States,China must take active measures to deal with it.On the one hand,China should strengthen scientific and technological construction to create a long-term competitive advantage in science and technology.Give full play to the new nationwide system,achieve self-reliance in scientific and technological innovation,expand the strength of high-end science and technology industries,and promote coordinated support in science and technology,education,and the economy.On the other hand,China should continue to open wider to the outside world and vigorously develop science and technology diplomacy.Strengthen exchanges and cooperation with other countries,create a good environment and international public opinion atmosphere,make more friends in the field of science and technology.To further enhance China’s scientific and technological influence in the world,and help advance major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics on all fronts and build a new type of international relations.