Research On Working Performance Of Civil Servants Driven By Public Service Motivation In The Dimension Of Collectivism

As the“spokesperson" of government performing state functions and providing public products and services,civil servants’s public service motivation lies in the depth of their consciousness,and its level directly affects performance and efficiency,as well as the realization of the government’s administration and functions.At present,most researches focus on summarizing public service motivation,few researches combine two theoretical perspectives of both public service motivation and self-interest motivation to systematically explain individual working performance.Based on Self-determination Theory,Neo-liberalism,Social Democracy and Motivation Crowding-Out Theory,this study introduces collectivism as environmental variable,regards civil servants as limited rational person,and then build government performance integration theory model based on self-interest motivation under Hypothesis of Economic Man and public service motivation under Hypothesis of Social Man,on this basis,research hypothesis was put forward.This study aims to explore how public service motivation and self-interest motivation of civil servants affect their behavior and performance,and whether collectivism,as an external intervention,plays a supportive or an extrusive role.Through stratified sampling,750 questionnaires were sent out to departments at municipal,district and town levels in Tianjin,and 582 questionnaires were returned.The main effect and moderating effect in "ideal state" and "real world" were tested by multi-level linear model.Main conclusions are as follows:public service motivation is the "power engine" of government performance,sectoral self-interest motivation is the"worm" of government performance,and individual self-interest motivation is the"icing on the cake" of government performance in the real world;Collectivism is the external supporting environment that internalizes external motivation,and is the supportive external intervention,which is conducive to promoting the change from controlling motivation to autonomous motivation,and cultivating and improving the internal public service motivation of civil servants.Collectivism is the "magic wand"of public service motivation,the "resurrection stone" of individual self-interest motivation and the "invisibility cloak" of sectoral self-interest motivation.Only by using it correctly and scientifically can high working performance be produced.Rational and irrational assumption are fitted together,different public service motivation is categorized in varied groups,"crowding-out" effect of self-interest,"the counteractive demands of the people",and environment’s impact on performance are explained,so as to see public service motivation,collectivism,government performance,and the relationship between government and society in a more localized and systematic perspective.In practice,it’s essential to optimize the development environment of civil servants and promote the internalization of external motivation;"agency" of people’s performance perception could be properly noticed to improve the environment of public service;collectivism’s regulating effect has to be given more prominence;construction of incorruptible government and reform of "delegating power,delegating power,and providing services" are vital to "eliminate" sectoral self-interest and foster an organizational atmosphere that enhances intrinsic motivation.