| Shangri-La Jiantang Town is located at the intersection of Yunnan,Sichuan,and Tibet.It is also located in the southern extension of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the core area of the “ Three Parallel Rivers ”.Communication and contact with the outside world are relatively limited.Shangri-La Jiantang Town is a semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral town that combines rural and urban areas.Until the development of local tourism,agriculture,animal husbandry,forestry,and commerce have always been the main livelihoods of local Tibetans.Under the traditional means of livelihood,the communication methods of Tibetans are mainly related to social interactions and geopolitical social interactions,and the forms of inter-ethnic communication are deeply influenced by Tibetan culture.The objects of communication are mainly local ethnic groups such as Tibetan,Han,Naxi,Bai,and Yi.Tibetans mainly use Tibetan for communication in inter-ethnic communication.The wedding etiquette and customs of Tibetans are more profoundly influenced by Tibetan Buddhism.The ethnic groups targeted for inter-ethnic marriages are mainly local ethnic groups such as Naxi,Bai,and Han.Since the 1990 s,the Diqing prefecture government has made every effort to build the “Shangri-La”tourism brand,vigorously develop the local eco-tourism industry,and the local economy and society have undergone a major transformation.In this context,the livelihoods of local Tibetan families have also undergone transformation,and diversified livelihoods have emerged.The new way of livelihood has brought more economic benefits to the Tibetans,improved their quality of life,and further reshaped their communication space.The Tibetans’ communication groups,communication methods,and communication space have undergone significant changes.The inter-ethnic relationship network of the Tibetans has gradually developed from a “concentric circle relationship” to a “network-like relationship”.The traditional interpersonal relationship network oriented by blood,geography and marriage tends to weaken,and the new type of interpersonal relationship oriented by karmic affiliation is being constructed.The karmic social interaction relationship has further reshaped the space and space of inter-ethnic communication of Tibetans.The influx of foreign population has further expanded the population of Tibetan inter-ethnic contacts.Tibetan is the main communication language used by the older generation of Tibetans in Jiantang Town.However,in the transition of livelihoods,Tibetans need to use common languages such as Chinese to communicate with foreign ethnic groups.The national common language is further promoted and popularized locally,and the role and importance of Chinese as a common language are further highlighted.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized that the popularization of the national common language will help to further strengthen the consciousness of the Chinese nation’s community.Increasing recognition of Chinese culture points the way.Since 2021,Diqing Prefecture has further strengthened the promotion and popularization of the national standard spoken and written language,mainly by regulating the habits of various ethnic groups in speaking Mandarin and using standard Chinese characters,and intensifying the promotion and popularization of the national standard spoken and written language.Through the above measures,the level of the people of all ethnic groups throughout the prefecture in using the national language has been further improved,which will help promote the overall work of forging a sense of community of the Chinese nation in the local area.The proficient use of bilingualism by Tibetans in Jiantang Town,Shangri-La provides a good reference and demonstration for correctly handling the relationship between the promotion of the national common language in various ethnic minority areas and the protection and inheritance of ethnic minority languages and cultures.The residential buildings of the Tibetans in Jiantang Town,Shangri-La are closely related to the geographical location,climate,and types of livelihoods.The types of livelihoods that the Tibetans engage in have a profound impact on the customs,living patterns,and social relations of the Tibetans.Influence.In the transformation of livelihoods,the architectural culture of the Tibetans has been further reshaped.The Tibetans whose livelihoods have undergone a transformation have changed their living locations as they are engaged in livelihoods,and the composition of the “four neighbors”has also shown a trend of diversification.In short,the architectural culture and residential pattern of the Tibetans have been further reshaped during the transformation of their livelihoods.On the basis of the further expansion of the space for inter-ethnic communication,the inter-ethnic intermarriage of the Tibetans has also undergone changes in the following aspects: The inter-ethnic intermarriage circle of the Tibetans has a further expansion trend;the traditional Tibetan marriage customs incorporate many modern elements When choosing a spouse,young Tibetans pay more attention to factors such as the character and feelings of each other rather than ethnic factors.The criteria for choosing a spouse have changed;arranged marriages have been replaced by modern marriages of free love;education level has a significant effect on the rate of inter-ethnic intermarriage among Tibetans;Tibetan inter-ethnic intermarriage target ethnic groups are more diversified;Tibetan inter-ethnic intermarriage changes in the marriage customs and appearances have been reshaped.In summary,after the transformation of livelihoods,the Tibetans have further reshaped the overall appearance of Tibetan culture in terms of inter-ethnic communication space and social relations,language and culture,architectural culture,and marriage customs.Taking the development of tourism as an opportunity,Shangri-La Jiantang Town has shown in the historical development process of the past30 years: the characteristics of the regional economic development by leaps and bounds,the leaping development of the regional economy and the continuous improvement of the living standards of the masses are the construction of Tibet-related areas.The material basis and guarantee for harmonious ethnic relations;the transformation of livelihoods and population movements have expanded the space for inter-ethnic communication among Tibetans;the establishment of a community of economic interests is a necessary condition for ethnic integration;Tibetan culture has further become a co-creation of Chinese culture during the transformation of livelihoods Important element.In short,in the process of tourism development,Tibetan culture has been continuously developed and utilized and has been demonstrated to varying degrees.Tibetan culture and Han and other ethnic cultures have further learned from each other,learned from each other,learned from each other,and shared the Chinese nation.Cultural symbols were further developed,and eventually the cultures of various ethnic groups developed into a regional culture shared by the Chinese nation with local characteristics in Jiantang Town,Shangri-La. |
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