Research On The Livelihood Transition Of Yanbian Korean Chinese Peasants

The lag of rural development in ethnic minority areas is an important embodiment of unbalanced and inadequate development in the new era.To promote rural development of ethnic minorities and increase the welfare of ethnic minority peasants is also the due meaning of socialist modernization construction in the new era.At the 19 th National Congress of the CPC,the development goal of rural revitalization was defined,emphasizing that peasants should be the master to promote rural revitalization.Therefore,this study based on the Yanbian area(Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture),focusing on the livelihood of the Korean Chinese peasants,to explore the characteristics and living behavior logic of Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants’ livelihood transition,peasants’ sustainable livelihood path as the main research objective,using the theory of Embeddedness,Post-Earthbound and Sustainable Livelihoods,based on the fieldwork,According to the framework of logic-influencepath analyzing Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants’ livelihood transition,so response to the current practice of rural revitalization in Yanbian Area.In terms of the process and characteristics,Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants’ livelihood transition reflects the transformation from the traditional livelihood relying on agriculture to the diversification of livelihood.Reform and opening up is a key point of Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants’ livelihood transition.Before the reform and opening up,Korean Chinese peasants engaged in agricultural production through land reclamation after immigration and collectivized labor after liberation.After the reform and opening,marketization of resources configuration realizes the diversification of the livelihood.This process also shows that the livelihood transition of Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants has the trend characteristics of seeking-earth,fixing-earth and leaving-earth,as well as the practical characteristics of spontaneity and advance.In terms of the behavioral logic,the Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants’ livelihood behavior is the rational economic behavior embedded in a certain social structure and relationship.On the one hand,the livelihood behavior of Korean Chinese peasants is driven by economic rationality,and they will choose the livelihood way to meet their own utility maximization from the demand for high income or stable income,and rationally distribute the economic activities of family members according to the ability of family labor force and possible income.On the other hand,the livelihood behavior of Korean Chinese peasants is embedded in the social structure and social network,which is guided by formal and informal institutions and depends on a certain social network.For peasants’ choice on livelihood,the institution build the economic order and the social network provides social capital.In terms of the influence,Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants’ livelihood transition has a direct impact on the change of rural economic and social structure,the Korean Chinese rural society has appeared the characteristics of large flow,decline and group differentiation.It brought some achievements for the rural development in terms of the poverty alleviation,economic vitality and rural governance.However,it cannot be ignored that the livelihood transition has also brought problems such as insufficient human resources,weak endogenous development,and increased pressure of medical and old-age service supply for the Korean Chinese villages.Yanbian Korean Chinese peasants’ sustainable livelihood is the key to achieve rural revitalization in terms of making the peasants as the master,and it should be based on the livelihood assets under the sustainable livelihood framework.On the one hand,it’s necessary to coordinate the natural capital,planning industry development direction by adapting and protecting the paddy field resources and forest resources.On the other hand,it is necessary to continuously enrich and improve the human capital,financial capital,physical capital and social capital of Yanbian Korean Chinese villages,so as to further enhance the ability of rural economic development,peasants’ economic participation.promoting peasants’ income increase and improving quality of life through rural economic development.