Research On The Transformation Of Traditional Opera By The Communist Party Of China In Yan ’an Period

The victory of the revolutionary war led by the CPC is inseparable from the participation of the "cultural army",and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is also inseparable from the strength of spiritual culture.The excellent Chinese traditional culture is the "starting point" for the Chinese people to understand Marxism,and is also the ideological resource to promote the localization of Marxism in China.Traditional opera is the treasure of Chinese traditional culture and the unique spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation.At any time in history,the opera culture,which is rich in national characteristics and embodies the Chinese spirit,is a strong spiritual support for the Chinese nation to overcome difficulties and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.During the Yan’an period,in the face of the powerful Japanese imperialist enemies and the domestic reactionaries’ encirclement and suppression,the CPC regarded traditional opera as an important cultural force to organize the people and publicize revolutionary ideas,used Marxist positions,views and methods to criticize and transform,transform and develop traditional opera,and explored more mature opera policies and policies for opera transformation,To find out a set of practical and practical methods for the transformation of traditional operas,so that the traditional operas,in fulfilling the historical mission of "serving politics" and "serving worke rs,peasants and soldiers",interpret the scientific truth of Marxism,and at the same time,make an important contribution to the construction of discourse expression of Chinese Marxism.It has important theoretical and academic value to comprehensively investigate the transformation of traditional operas by the Party in the Yan’an period,review the experience and lessons learned in the process of practice,explore the way to achieve creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese traditiona l culture,including traditional operas,and find the wisdom of combining the basic principles of Marxism with excellent Chinese traditional culture embodied in the transformation of Chinese traditional operas with Marxism,It is also of great practical significance.In the Yan’an period,the CPC had an urgent realistic necessity to transform the traditional opera.If the propositions of scientific socialism are to be understood and accepted by the Chinese people and translated into the driving force of rev olution,they must be integrated with the values that the people are unaware of in their daily lives.Traditional opera has been deeply overlapping with the social and cultural life of the Chinese people since ancient times,shaping the values and aestheti c tastes of the people,and carrying the important social functions of organizing,uniting and educating the people.The combination of Marxist theory and traditional opera is not only a realistic path to realize the localization of Marxism in China,but a lso an inevitable choice to activate the inherent vitality of traditional opera.Traditional operas were born on the economic and political basis of China’s feudal society,inevitably carrying many negative,backward and even stale elements,such as the development of the content and form of traditional operas,which are divorced from the real revolutionary political environment,from the people’s daily life and from the aesthetic needs of the people.The transformation of traditional operas cannot do without the theoretical and revolutionary guidance of Marxism.During the Yan’an period,the CPC upheld the scientific guiding ideology and clear value orientation in the transformation of traditional opera.On the basis of theory,the practice of drama transfo rmation cannot be separated from the theoretical guidance of Marxist classical writers in transforming traditional literature and art,from the ideological contention of the early Communists and literary revolutionaries in modern China in transforming trad itional operas,and from the ideological enlightenment of modern Western Marxist drama theorists in transforming workers’ performances;In terms of guiding ideology,during the Yan’an period,the CPC formed basic views on the essential attributes of litera ture and art,the service objects of literature and art,the practical role of literature and art,and other important issues.The transformation practice of traditional opera follows the direction of "serving politics" and "serving workers,peasants,and soldiers".The CPC had achieved the revolutionary purpose of uniting and educating the people,and attacking and destroying the enemy while inheriting and developing the opera culture.During the Yan’an period,the transformation of drama followed a two-way construction path of endogenesis and extraversion.The construction of the external system determines the basic direction of the transformation of traditional opera.The CPC has set up an overall pattern of creative transformation and innovative development of traditional opera in top-level design by giving traditional opera the legal status to participate in the revolution,strengthening the systematic management of opera troupes,guiding opera workers to accept new ideology,promoting new ideology and so on.The standardization of the internal links of opera production,reception and dissemination ensures the implementation of traditional opera transformation.With materialistic principles and methods of realism and collectivism,the CPC guided opera creation created a system of performance and directing,corrected the content deviation in opera performance,arous ed the people’s "ideological expectation" of the newly compiled opera content and enthusiasm for participating in revolutionary opera,establish ed political guidance for opera criticism.Integrated with Marxist scientific theory elements,traditional opera has opened a new development mode that deeply overlaps with the real life of the people’s revolution.During the Yan’an period,the CPC has achieved remarkable results in transforming traditional opera.Guided by the Marxist theory and trying to integrate the goals and requirements of the revolution,the traditional opera,which originally had both essence and dross,was transformed into a biolog ical textbook that deducts the people’s view of history,carries forward the national spirit,interprets the class position and praises productive labor in its ideological content.The traditional operas also showed more distinctive characteristics of the times and popularity in its form.The newly compiled revolutionary operas promoted the Marxist revolutionary discourse to be accepted among the people with the Chinese wisdom of life-giving spring breeze and rain and putting education into entertainment,and also made itself get rid of the historical limitation of "being unable to play modern operas",and took a valuable step towards modernization.During the Yan’an period,due to the limitations of the historical environment and the needs of political stru ggle,even the drama transformation had made various achievements,it also has shortcomings such as covering the value of drama art with political utilitarianism,and misinterpreting the aesthetic spirit of drama with western culture.The transformation of operas in the Yan’an period realized the social function of literature and art to transform people’s minds and reality,which made traditional operas shine brightly in the revolutionary era,provided valuable experience for the development of contemporary literature and art and cultural innovation,and demonstrated the unique perspective of successful integration of Marxism,Chinese revolutionary literature and art,and Chinese culture.The practical achievements of the transformation of traditional operas have benefited not only from the CPC’s consciousness of combining Marxism with China’s specific practical conditions,but also from the CPC and opera workers’ respect and guidance of the people’s spiritual and cultural demands,affirmation of the cultural value of traditional operas,recognition of the aesthetic spirit,and grasp of the creative law.As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era,we should continue to strengthen the Party’s leadership over the development of traditional operas,promote the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional operas,and make the excellent traditional Chinese culture represented by traditional operas become the spiritual nourishment for the Chinese nation and people to radiate new e nergy,burst new vitality,respond to new challenges,and forge ahead in a new era.