Marx’s Theory Of Alienation On Psychological Interpretation

The cognition and criticism of Marx’s alienation theory on the "realistic man" based on the "perceptual world" under certain social relations always contain the current perspective,which is reflected in the existence of "realistic man" and its practical relations,marking the realization of the fundamental change of Marx’s philosophical form from theory to practice.As one of the major events in the evolution and development history of Marxism in the 20 th century,Marx’s elaboration of the theory of alienation plays an important and far-reaching role in the all-round theoretical criticism of the contemporary world and in the future development of mankind.Alienation is the external behavior of "real people" based on the social environment of "perceptual world".Pavlov and psychologist John Watson’s joint empirical research conclusion shows that human behavior is closely related to human psychology.Watson believes that the practical significance of this correlation research is reflected in that it can not only give the explanation of the current and past human behavior at the level of psychological stimulation,but also predict the future human behavior.In view of the alienation behavior of "real human" and "human class" group elaborated by Marx’s alienation theory,this paper intends to give an explanation at the level of psychological stimulation from the perspective of Adler’s holistic psychology.In view of Marx’s conclusion that alienation will inevitably be sublated and communism will inevitably be realized,this paper gives an explanation of the positive behavior of future human beings at the level of holistic psychology.In other words,From the perspective of psychology,it supports the known conclusions of Marx’s alienation theory about the persistence of alienation of historical materialism and the inevitable realization of communism.After the Polish scholar Scharf put forward: The association of free men is Marx’s emphasis on social individual issues.After this academic view,Chinese scholar Zhou Shixing published the monograph "The History of the Individual and the Historical Individual-Marx’s Theory of the Individual"(Beijing People’s Publishing House,2013 edition),which argued that Marx’s research on the real individual and the whole behavior of human beings focused on the expression of Marx’s theory of alienation.The historical logic of Marx’s alienation theory revolves around the two main lines of the relationship between man and thing and the relationship between man and man.From the perspective of holistic psychology,the external behavior relationship between people and things is interpreted as a process of constant psychological adjustment to self-abasement,overcoming inferiority complex and superiority complex,and moving towards the "socially useful direction" as a whole.To explain the external behavior relationship between people and the socialized feelings of people will eventually overcome the alienation,the integration,the formation of everyone for everyone communist society.This paper respects and agrees with the reasoning logic of the above theorists,following the logical order of Marx’s own text writing,In accordance with scholar Wang Sihong’s monograph "The Historical Generation and Contemporary Value of Marx’s Theory of Alienation",the way of elaborating Marx’s thought of alienation is extracted: "Criticism of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right" and its introduction correspond to political alienation,"Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy of 1844" correspond to labor alienation,"Feuerbach’s Outline" correspond to the alienation of real people themselves,"German Ideology" According to the alienation of real people and relations of production,the Communist Manifesto corresponds to the alienation of real people and private property,the Economic Manuscript of 1857-1858 corresponds to the alienation of community,and Capital corresponds to the alienation thought,the author intends to give corresponding psychological explanation to the alienation behavior of the people in the above alienation thought,and expend the discussion one by one.First of all,centering on the research theme of Marx’s alienation theory,this paper sorts out the existing literature research status at home and abroad,classifies the existing research perspectives,and proposes the necessity and practical significance of interpreting this research theme from the perspective of psychology.The feasibility of the demonstration from the perspective of psychology is sought from the controversy of the research and the core views of domestic and foreign academic celebrities,focusing on the feasibility of elaborating the demonstration and interpretation from the perspective of Adler’s overall psychological theory.The research holds that the whole psychological theory conforms to the whole theoretical criterion,the argumentation methodology and the research objective of human being that Marx’s theory of alienation based on the interpretation of real human.Secondly,in view of the basic fact that the status quo of capitalist alienation is the maintenance of social behavior of "real people",on the one hand,following the behavior logic of real individuals to form the behavior logic of real groups of people,the social behavior of real individuals to interpret the inevitable psychological phenomenon of human defect compensation and drive integration,is the ultimate fictional experience of human heart.The author thinks that the alienated social relation of capitalism is the objective environmental stimulus factor that makes the real individual finally start "creative self-growth".The real group of people is divided into two opposite class groups,the proletariat and the bourgeoisie,and the social behavior of the proletariat group is interpreted as having three psychological characteristics,such as the inalienable psychological motivation consciousness.The social behavior of the bourgeoisie group is interpreted as four psychological characteristics of human beings,such as "social uselessness orientation" and self-anesthesia.On the other hand,according to the writing logic of Marx’s texts,it extracts the alienation thoughts of Marx’s eight texts from Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right to Das Kapital.Centering on the relationship between man and man and the same thing,it uses the research methods of literature and text interpretation to analyze the social status quo of human social behavior from political alienation to capital alienation.From the perspective of holistic psychology theory,this paper interprets the corresponding changes as a series of psychological stimulation activities from the psychological appeal of compensating for the sense of defect to the loss of superiority complex caused by the loss of superego.The research holds that Marx’s theory of alienation is the process of history generation and should occupy an important position in Marxist theory.Thirdly,with the establishment of historical materialism as the symbol line,the author interprets the alienation trait from the perspective of psychology,and believes that the alienation trait is the universal psychological repression of "realistic people".It further deconstructs human psychological repression into a growing process from "social uselessness orientation" to "meaning construction".The so-called "social uselessness orientation" is the deconstruction of the alienation characteristics under capitalist private ownership,and holds that such alienation does not exist in socialist society.The so-called "construction of meaning" means that after the establishment of historical materialism,alienation is interpreted as the uncoordinated development of productive forces and relations of production.It is believed that alienation from the perspective of historical materialism runs through the whole process of people’s pursuit of freedom and liberation,and is the universal psychological repression of people in the state of non-freedom and non-liberation.A certain state of people who may still exist at any time is the embodiment of the important position and practical significance of Marx’s theory of alienation.Then,in view of the universal psychological repression of "real people",the paper discusses the way to relieve the psychological repression of people--the sublation of alienation,which provides psychological basis for the inevitable trend of the duality of the logic of alienation theory--the sublation of alienation and the realization of communism.Marx’s theory of alienation is the theory of alienation of historical materialism.We should not only see that the universal existence of alienation from the perspective of historical materialism is an objective fact that causes universal psychological repression of human beings.This fact conforms to the basic psychological development law based on the coexistence of human’s existence of inferiority and the psychological power beyond inferiority.It is also necessary to see that "real man" can continuously reduce the psychological depression of man through the development of advanced productive forces and the social behavior path of labor practice,and realize that the sublation of alienation is the same process as the inevitable realization of communism.The ultimate direction of the duality of the internal logic of alienation theory is in line with the common needs of human psychology--everyone’s desire to realize the value of "social useful surface" and the whole people’s demand for the return of the essence of social feelings.People constructed under certain social relations are bound to realize the infinite potential of creative self and realize the union of free people.Finally eliminate the general depression of human psychology.Finally,summarize the core points of the article: first,fully affirm the important historical position and practical significance of Marx’s theory of alienation;Secondly,alienation from the perspective of historical materialism runs through the realization of communism;Third,the internal logic of Marx’s alienation theory duality of people and things,the ultimate direction of the relationship between people is the inevitable realization of communism,which is in line with people’s instinctive demand for self-abasement and the demand for people to show more psychological commonalities of socialized feelings.