A Study On Korean Translation Of Xi Jinping: The Governance Of China(Ⅰ)from The Perspective Of Functionality Plus Loyalty Theory

As an essential part of national translation program,the translation of works written by Party and state leaders is a translation activity with Chinese characteristics.Against the background of promoting the construction of Chinese narrative system by the Chinese government,multilingual versions of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China have been successively released,and research on the multilingual translations is also flourishing.However,the research on the Korean version lags behind.Previous research on the Korean versions of Chinese political documents mainly focused on the text itself,neglecting the responsibilities and challenges faced by translators in the translation process.The translation of political documents requires translators to have a high level of political awareness and sensitivity,and to accurately grasp the policies and ideas of the source text.Therefore,the research perspective of this paper is extended from traditional translation methods and strategy analysis to the responsibilities and challenges faced by translators in the process of the translation of political documents.A case study is conducted on the Korean version of the first volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China from the perspective of“functionality plus loyalty” proposed by Nord.By combining theory and practice,translation methods are analyzed from the perspectives of “functionality” and “loyalty”respectively to examine the loyalty relationship between the translator and the author of the source text,initiator and readers.Finally,“win-win” Korean translation methods are summarized.It has been found in this research that in terms of translation at the lexical level,translation methods such as Chinese character pronunciation,literal translation and transliteration that combines form and meaning are adopted by the Korean translator to maximize the reproduction of the form and connotation of the source language.In addition,in order to clearly deliver the meaning of the source text,annotations are added to reproduce the implicit information of the source text so as to deepen readers’ understanding.In terms of translation at the syntactical level,grammar and structural differences between Chinese and Korean are taken into account.Besides,translation methods such as translation by rendering one sentence in the source text into several sentences in the target text,translation by rendering several sentences in the source text into one sentence in the target text and adding subjects are adopted to make the translation more in line with the conventions of the target language.In terms of translation at the textual level,in light of the characteristics of implicit cohesion in Chinese and explicit cohesion in Korean,cohesive words are used to make the implicit logical relationships in the source text explicit.The coherence is enhanced by reducing repetition,supplementing necessary information and adjusting word orders to make the translation smooth and natural.Allusions and poetry,vivid colloquial idioms,proverbs and metaphorical rhetoric as well as majestic and rhythmic parallelism rhetoric have been integrated in the speeches delivered by CPC General Secretary Xi Jinping,forming a unique speech style and laying the foundation for actively promoting Chinese culture.Therefore,in terms of rhetorical translation,translation methods such as literal translation,literal translation with annotations and Chinese character pronunciation are adopted in order to preserve Chinese cultural elements and rhetorical characteristics.When it is impossible to preserve the form and language characteristics of the source text through methods such as literal translation,it is feasible to adopt other translation methods including free translation,paraphrasing and omission to accurately convey the content of the source text and improve the readability of the target text.By analyzing the target text,it can be seen that the translator of Korean version has played a coordinating role in the translation process.From the perspective of integrating “functionality” and “loyalty”,the fundamental goal is to accurately convey the ideological connotations of the source text and at the same time to take into account the understanding and acceptance of the target language readers.The diversified translation methods are adopted to maximize effective communication between the source text and the target text,showing the translator’s loyalty to the author of the source text,translation initiator and target language readers.However,some problems have also arisen in the translation due to the different focuses of the translator in the translation process.For instance,excessive emphasis on the readability of the translation results in the translator’s insufficient understanding of the meaning and logical relationships of the source text;being faithful to the author’s intentions and source language culture as well as emphasizing formal equivalence may lead to poor readability and acceptability.In addition,there are also several instances of mistranslation,which can be attributed to the translator’s failure to fully understand the implicit meaning of the source text and “negligence”.However,despite the minor flaws,the Korean version of the translation achieves a combination of “functionality” and “loyalty” in general,obtaining a “win-win” effect in information transmission and cultural dissemination.