The Anti-Christian Movement In China In The 1920s And Its Influence On The Sinicization Of Christianity

The religious issue has always been a major issue that the CPC must handle properly in governance,studying profound and settling well on religious issues,and building positive and healthy religious relations are important contents of the United Front.The Sinicization of religion is facing a series of challenges under the new situation,especially the prominent problems and complex contradictions in the Sinicization of Christianity,which increases the difficulty of understanding and addressing religious issues correctly.Against the background of the accelerated evolution of the world’s unprecedented changes in a century and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation entering a critical period,how to deeply promote the Sinicization of religions in China and actively guide religion to adapt to socialist society has become the proposition of the times.Exploring historical laws from historical experience,and reading wisdom based on reality and moving toward the future has become the meaning of the question.This dissertation takes the influence of Chinese anti-Christian movement on the Sinicization of Christianity in the 1920s as the research object,adheres to the guidance of the materialist view of history,and hopes to deeply understand and accurately grasp the following three aspects on the basis of the objective and comprehensive interpretation and analysis of the anti-Christian movement and the Christian innovation in the period:First,Christianity is one of various religions,why is the anti-religious movement especially opposed to it among various religions?Second,what is the logical relationship between the anti-Christian movement and the innovation of Christian in the period?Third,in the face of such a drastic impact,how can Christianity survive and develop without following the same disastrous road of the previous three failures in China?So as to make an objective evaluation and summarize the understanding of regularity.The core point of this dissertation is:the anti-Christian movement and the innovation of Christian under its role have mirror significance for the practical approach of Sinicization of Christianity and the religious work of the Communist Party of China(CPC).The anti-Christian movement created the situation and conditions for the Sinicization of Christianity,setting off the most heated period of discussion on the Sinicization of Christianity in the first half of the 20th century;the innovation of Christian in that period deepened the understanding of the nature of Sinicization of Christianity and opened the prelude to the Sinicization of Christianity in the true sense.This logical connection shows that the relationship between the anti-Christian movement and the innovation exploration of Christian cannot be viewed in isolation,as can the analysis of their role and significance.This dissertation presents a detailed discussion of this topic from the following aspects.Firstly,analyzes the causes and development of the anti-Christian movement.The aggressive expansion in China by virtue of the guarantee clause is the fundamental reason for the opposition to Christianity in various religions,and has made opposition to Christianity the essence of the anti-imperialist struggle.In addition,various social trends of thought at that time surged up,stimulating people’s ideological vitality,especially nationalist trends surged around the world,prompting colonial and semicolonial countries to set off anti-Christian,anti-imperialist and anti-colonial movements.It was precisely by virtue of the prevailing anti-imperialist and anti-colonial nationalist consensus that the political forces gained the legal status of launching political movements on the pretext of the anti-foreign religious struggle,demonstrating the essence of the anti-imperialist struggle carried out by the anti-Christian movement in the form of anti-foreign religion.Secondly,research the critique of Christianity by the anti-Christian movement and the responses of Christendom.On the one hand,the anti-Christian movement has the involvement of political forces,so it has obvious organizational characteristics;On the other hand,the anti-Christian movement,with intellectuals as the main force and scientific theories as the weapon,then it has a distinct rational color,making it different from the previous anti-Christian movements launched by the feudal magistrates or the peasants,and has a stronger impact on Christianity in China.Apo-Christians criticized Christian theism,and the aggression of Christianity in connection with colonial empires,and Christianity’s rejection and denial of Chinese culture.In fact,the responses of Christendom to the non-Christian movement changed as the anti-Christian movement deepened,undergoing a shift from indifference to attention.When faced with a severe existential crisis,the Christendom was compelled to reflect on reality and the way out.Therefore,the Christendom made innovation from the aspects of theory and practice,on the one hand,focusing on the demonstration of the integration of Christianity and Chinese culture,and seeking the integration of Christianity into China’s national emotions and social psychology;On the other hand,by seeking church self-reliance,cultivating Chinese church leaders,and participating in social transformation activities,intending to eliminate the notoriety of "foreign religion" and establish Chinese Christian churches.Thirdly,summarize the characteristics of the Sinification of Christianity in the 1920s,and evaluate its gains and losses.The practice of Sinification of Christianity in a specific political and social situation has gradually integrated into the rising national democratic revolution and social construction movement,realizing the transformation from theoretical exploration to political movement,showing political,phased and secular characteristics.The innovation of Sinification of Christianity to a certain extent reduced the "Western" color of Christianity;However,due to various subjective and objective factors,especially the semi-colonial and semi-feudal nature of society,it is impossible to realize the true Sinicization of Christianity without getting rid of imperialist oppression,realizing national liberation and national independence.Finally,this article summarizes three enlightenments:The first is to guide religious circle to carry forward the fine tradition of patriotism and love of the religion,to strengthen political identity.Political identity is the foundation and premise of the sinicization of religion in our country,and it is necessary to put political identity as the first priority in adhering to the direction of sinicization of religions in China,cultivating emotion of patriotism in religious circles and condense a broad consensus and strong joint force in unity and struggle.The second is to guide religious circles to promote the excellent traditional Chinese culture,to facilitate cultural integration.Cultural identity is the deepest level of identity,guiding religious circles to integrate the excellent Chinese traditions into the construction of religious thought,broaden the forms of religious cultural expressions,and enhance the dissemination and immersion of the excellent traditional Chinese culture.The third is to guide religious circles to adapt to the requirements of the development of the times and promote social adaptation.Supporting religious circles in strengthening their own construction,enhancing the effectiveness and level of social services,to play the positive role in serving society and the overall situation.In the historical wave of change,promoting the creative application and innovative development of the historical experience of Sinicization of religion,and continuous deepening the understanding of the law on religious development and religious work,so as to promote the Sinicization of religion to deepen and substantiate,and guide religion to adapt to socialism.