| Promoting creative performance is critical for individuals,organizations,and even nations.Much of today’s creative activity occurs in the across wide range of fields.The creative performance of online group has been attached much attention from practitioners and researchers.One of the critical factors determining group creativity is members’ task motivation.Group creativity depends on individual efforts as well as the interaction process among team members.Therefore,the current research perspective cannot fully reflect the motivational effect of motivation on these processes.Based on the Thinking Stimulating Model of Group Creativity,this research aims to explore the effect of task motivation and cooperative motivation on group creativity and cognitive neural mechanism behind it.Effects of task motivation on face-to-face group creativity and the online group creativity,as well as the effect of cooperative motivation on creative ideas generation and creative product design.It is hoped that the findings of this study can deepen people’s systematic understanding of the influence of motivation on group creativity from the theoretical level and provide an important basis for improving group creativity in practice.In this study,task motivation and cooperative motivation were used as independent variables.Multiple research methods were used including the lag sequential analysis,functional near-infrared spectroscopy,and case study.Six experiments were conducted.Experiments 1 and 4 preliminarily tested whether task motivation and cooperative motivation affect group creativity,respectively,and explored the moderating effect of relevant team member characteristic variables.Experiment 2 and experiment 3 further explored the cognitive neural mechanism of task motivation influencing team creativity,focusing on face-to-face groups and online groups,respectively.Experiment 5 and 6explored the cognitive neural mechanism of the effect of cooperative motivation on team creativity,focusing on creative idea generation task and creative product design task,respectively.In experiment 1,participants were randomly assigned into groups of two,and task motivation level of group members was manipulated.Group members were instructed to communicate freely with each other and fulfill a creativity task.The results of creativity task showed that task motivation promoted both the fluency and originality.Moreover,task motivation had a significant effect on originality only when group members scored at medium or high levels in ideational behavior and creative personality(especially risk-taking and challenging).In Experiment 2,f NIRS hyperscanning was used to explore the effect of task motivation on face-to-face team creativity and the underline mechanism.The results showed that the process of face-to-face team creativity was associated with increased brain synchronization between the prefrontal cortex,the mentalized network,and the supplementary motor area under high task motivation condition.However,increased brain synchronization was observed only in the prefrontal cortex under low task motivation.In addition,the brain synchronization between IPL-a PFC,IPL-SMA and SMG-SMA was higher in high task motivation groups than in low task motivation groups.These results indicated that when working on the creativity task,high task motivation may rely on the synchronize between systems of language processing,emotional contagion and cognitive control,which further led to the improvement of creative performance.Experiment 3 aimed to explore the effect of task motivation on online group creativity.In a two-person groups,we compared the three compositions of task motivation of group members(high-high,high-low,low-low).Lagged sequence analysis and f NIRS hyperscanning were used to explore the mechanism behind it.The results showed promotion of task motivation on online group creativity performance in fluency and originality.The online groups had lower brain synchronization compared with face-to-face groups during the creative task.The results of LSA and f NIRS showed that although groups compared with two high-task motivation members had the best creative performance,they adopted a more efficient way of interaction and made more efforts to produce individual creative ideas.The interactive behavior as well as brain synchronization were lower than that of groups consisted of one high motivation member and one low motivation member(i.e.high-low groups).In experiment 4,we compared the effect of cooperative motivation on group creativity performance and the moderating effect of member characteristics.The results showed that groups with high cooperative motivation performed better on fluency and originality.However,the moderating effect of team members’ characteristics(e.g.openness and group work preference)was not significant.In Experiment 5,we used f NIRS and case study to explore the mechanism by which cooperative motivation affects the performance of group creative ideas generation.The results showed that the synchronization increment in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was significantly higher in high cooperative motivation groups than in low cooperative motivation groups.Results of case study showed that members with high cooperative motivation express more concept,object,context information,construct on the basis of the peer’s answers,comment on peer’s answers,and decide on what to invest time and energy together.These characteristics may be the key reason why performance of high cooperation motive groups was better than that of low cooperation motive groups.Experiment 6 explored the effect and mechanism of cooperative motivation on group creative product design task.The results showed that cooperative motivation has a positive effect on product design score,but in certain dimension(i.e.internal elegance)the score of high cooperation groups were lower than that of low cooperation groups,suggesting that it is necessary to scientifically distinguish which tasks are suitable for teamwork and which tasks are not.In ROI pairs of SMA-APFC,DLPFC-APFC and APFC-APFC,the increase of brain synchronization in high cooperative motivation groups was significantly higher than that in low cooperative motivation groups,suggesting that high cooperative motivation groups relied more on top-down cognitive control and speech processing.In Experiment 7,we further analyzed the data collected in Experiment 5 and experiment 6 to examine whether there was an interaction between task motivation and cooperative motivation.Results showed significant moderating effect of task motivation on the relationship of cooperative motivation and group creativity in both idea generation task and products design task.Specifically,only when the task motivation level of group members is low or medium,the promotion effect of cooperative motivation on group creativity is significant.In conclusion,findings of this study revealed that task motivation and cooperative motivation have significant promoting effects on group creativity.Task motivation has limited influence on interaction,and the promotion effect of task motivation on team creativity is mainly through increasing task persistence and individual efforts in idea generation.The premise of its promotion effect is that group members have medium or high level of ideational behavior or creative personality.The creative process of high task motivation group involves increment of brain synchronization in multiple interest areas in prefrontal cortex,mentalizing network and supplementary motor area.cooperative motivation promotes team creativity through providing information,construction,evaluation and decision making,and this effect is moderated by task motivation and openness of group members.The increment of brain synchronization in prefrontal cortex may be the neural basis for the promotion effect of cooperative motivation on group creativity performance. |
PDF Full Text Request