Research On The Stone Carving Of Foreign Religions From Quanzhou In Song And Yuan Dynasty

Quanzhou was an important port city in southern China in ancient times and the largest port in the East in the Song and Yuan dynasties.In the past hundred years,historians and scholars in Quanzhou have discovered stone carvings of various overseas religions,including Islam,Christianity,India and Manichaeism,among the unearthed cultural relics and folk collections.The appearance of these overseas religious stone carvings shows that there were a large number of overseas religious stone carvings in Quanzhou during the Song and Yuan dynasties.It is very rare in the history of Chinese art to have a large number of stone carvings made from foreign cultures for a long time in the cultural territory of ancient China.The study of this special phenomenon is of great significance for us to study the development history of stone carvings in Quanzhou and the formation of southern style of stone carvings in southern Fujian.This paper analyzes the author’s identity,creation background,characteristics and influence,and historical significance of overseas religious stone carvings of Song and Yuan dynasties in Quanzhou in four chapters.Through the analysis of the physical style and the comparison with the similar objects in the same period,it is confirmed that most of the overseas religious stone carvings in song and Yuan dynasties were made by Chinese craftsmen.By studying the formation of multi-cultural society and the development of quanzhou stone carvings in Song Dynasty,the social environment and technological background of overseas religious stone carvings are clarified.By summing up the characteristics of overseas religious stone carvings,the differences between them and the traditional stone carvings in Quanzhou at that time and their influence on them are clarified.Through the research on the development of Quanzhou stone carvings in Ming and Qing dynasties,the key position of overseas religious stone carvings in Song and Yuan dynasties in the history of quanzhou stone carvings is determined.Through a series of studies,we draw the following conclusions: The emergence of overseas religious stone carvings in The Song and Yuan dynasties in Quanzhou is the result of innovative creation of overseas religious themes in the multicultural society by traditional stone carvings in Quanzhou who have mastered superb stone carving techniques.In the process of creation,he has mastered the hollow carving technique and the application of diabase stone,which is the unexpected harvest of quanzhou traditional stone carving craftsmen in the song and Yuan dynasty overseas religious stone carving.From the perspective of the history of the development of Quanzhou stone carving,the creation of overseas religious themes in the Song and Yuan dynasties was the key event for the formation of the unique artistic style of the Southern stone carving.Through this study,we have a more comprehensive understanding and positioning of Quanzhou Song and Yuan overseas religious stone carvings,which lays a foundation for the subsequent research in the fields of Chinese traditional art,the development of Quanzhou stone carvings,sino-foreign artistic and cultural exchanges,maritime Silk Road and so on.