A Research On The Evolution And Development Of Chinese Teaching Materials In Taiwan

The evolution of Chinese language teaching in Taiwan over the past four hundred years has not yet been thoroughly researched on the evolution and development of teaching materials.Current research tends to focus on the content of textbook compilation.Most of the researches use self-compiled single-course content as an example to explore textbook compilation,and some are research on textbook content analysis or comparative analysis.However,research on the evolution of Chinese language teaching and the evolution and development of textbooks,as well as the theory of textbook compilation,is very rare,and studies have been conducted only for the contemporary era.This research is the first to comprehensively sort out and explore the historical materials of Chinese language teaching from 1627 to the present(1627-2018(1)..On the basis of the theory of second language acuuisition and textbook compilation,it explores the different learners,different teachers,and the evolution and development of teaching materials used for different teaching purposes.The evolution and development of the teaching materials used revolved around two major issues:(1.What are the overall characteristics of the evolution and development of Chinese language teaching materials in Taiwan?(2.What are the characteristics of the evolution and development of contemporary Chinese teaching materials in Taiwan?Regarding the research on the characteristics of the overall evolution and development of Chinese language teaching materials in Taiwan,one needs to first define and explain Chinese language teaching and teaching materials in Taiwan r.In view of the Chinese language teaching resources in the missionary period,as well as the Japanese and contemporary Chinese language textbooks,the overall situation,content characteristics,teaching applications and limitations are analyzed and discussed as follows:(1.Comprehensively sorted out the first-hand historical data of Chinese language teaching materials in Taiwan.Divided the period into early missionaries,Japanese occupation,and contemporary periods according to the time seuuence(1);(2.clarified the characteristics of the overall evolution and development of Chinese language teaching materials in Taiwan.First,the early Western missionaries focused on the spread of religion,first taught themselves and then created Chinese language teaching materials;Second,the textbooks were deeply affected by the changes in political power and society.For example,during the Japanese occupation period,based on the “teaching and learning” experience of early missionaries,and the kana transcription and the grammar rules of Hokkien dialect were developed to compile Chinese textbooks;Third,due to the contemporary common Mandarin.Started to translate and adapt American Chinese textbooks,and then research and develop selfedited Chinese textbooks.Formed different development characteristics in each period.Regarding the evolution and development of contemporary Chinese teaching materials in Taiwan,it is organized around two levels and divided into stages.Based on the Mandarin Movement’s promotion of Putonghua,symbolized by the translation of Yale’s Chinese textbook “Speak Mandarin”(1967.,as the first contemporary stage(1946-1998.;Marked by the self-edited “Practical Audio-Visual Chinese”(1999.(2)and “A Course in Contemporary Chinese”(2015.,as the second contemporary stage(1999-present..Then explores the content characteristics,teaching application and limitations of the two mainstream textbooks in the second stage.In addition,a uuestionnaire survey of teachers’ teaching feedback was conducted on two sets of textbooks,and three suggestions for compilation and revision were put forward:(1.Although the content of the texts of “Practical Audio-Visual Chinese” is out of date,the grammar arrangement can be gradual and orderly.Although the content of the text of “A Course in Contemporary Chinese” is in line with modern life,the grammatical difficulty is too high,causing problems such as difficulty in degree connection;(2.Most teachers agree that “Practical Audio-Visual Chinese” can help students improve their “listening and speaking” abilities;(3.Most teachers suggested that “Practical Audiovisual Chinese” can refer to “A Course in Contemporary Chinese” to adjust the content of the text closer to modern life,and Increase multiple interactive exercises and activities.While “A Course in Contemporary Chinese” can refer to the arrangement of grammatical points in “Practical Audio-Visual Chinese”,and make appropriate revisions to the degree of grammatical cohesion.In addition,interviews with the editors of the above two sets of teaching materials were conducted,Combining the content analysis of the two sets of textbooks and the teacher’s teaching feedback survey results to mutually confirm the discussion as follows:(1.“Practical Audio-Visual Chinese” is the first set of self-compiled textbooks in contemporary times,and the theoretical guidance at that time was limited;The “commonly used vocabulary” published by the education department in Taiwan region is used as the vocabulary selection standard,and the Yale Chinese textbook compilation system is used for compilation.The textbook has undergone two revisions,and the classification of parts of speech,grammar rules,and vocabulary selection criteria have not changed.Relying on the social background at that time,the compilation of relevant theories from multiple sources is a feature of the compilation of this set of textbooks;(2.“A Course in Contemporary Chinese” refers to the eight thousand words of the Taiwanese Chinese Proficiency Test and the selected vocabulary of the “Freuuency Dictionary” of Beijing Language and Culture University,and uses eight parts of speech grammar systems to compile.The Chinese pronunciation,Chinese character processing, vocabulary selection,part-of-speech division,grammar rules,etc.are arranged systematically.Its “pedagogical grammar” view uses context to determine the order of characters,words,and grammatical points,reflecting the characteristic of emphasizes on cultivating listening and speaking skills,supplemented by reading and writing Chinese characters;(3.“A Course in Contemporary Chinese” emphasizes the need for “targeted” re-editing and adaptation of textbooks in order to publish textbooks suitable for native speakers of many countries;(4.Regarding the future development trend of teaching materials,Ye De-ming(叶德明.believes that teaching materials must stand the test of time and develop digital multimedia teaching materials to meet the needs of the times.Teng Shou-hsin(邓守信.believes that textbooks must meet the reuuirements of compilation principles and theories in order to highlight the practicality,pertinence,and systemic nature of the textbooks,and further expand the international status of Chinese language textbooks.On the basis of the above research,this article has the following conclusions:(1.It divides the evolution and development of Chinese language textbooks in Taiwan over the past four hundred years: one is the early missionary period,the other is the period of Japanese occupation,and the third is the development period of contemporary Chinese textbooks(this period is divided into the first stage and the second stage.;(2.The compilation and development characteristics of three periods are summarized: one is the textbook compilation of teaching materials centered on spreading religious in the early missionary period,the second is the textbook compilation of teaching materials with colonial rule as the core during the Japanese occupation period,and the third is the development period of contemporary Chinese teaching materials.The characteristics of the textbook compilation of "Others control(1)" and "Self-control(2)" with Mandarin(Chinese characters.as the core;(3.Constructed a framework for the overall evolution and development of the "one line,three points" of Chinese language textbooks in Taiwan;(4.Clarified the evolution and development characteristics of the "iteration" of contemporary Chinese textbooks in Taiwan;(5.An innovative application plan suitable for contemporary Chinese language textbooks in Taiwan is proposed,and innovative teaching plans are developed with the help of the teacher’s manual to solve the problem of the degree of convergence of the "Contemporary Chinese Curriculum".It is hoped that the above research results can provide practical reference suggestions for the compilation and development of Chinese language textbooks.