Green Criticism:A Study Of Nature Ecoliterature In Taiwan

In the past,academic research on natural writing in Taiwan has focused on non-fictional prose.This paper adopts a relatively broad definition of "natural ecological literature",including prose,poetry,novels and other genres.In addition,compared to the 1980s that the academic circles regarded as the beginning of Taiwan’s natural writing,the author found through the literature review that there were many reports on environmental issues as early as the 1980s,but they had not yet appeared on a large scale.Enough attention,especially left-wing magazines—from Summer Tide in the mid-1970s to the succession of Human World in the 1980s—demonstrates the concern and importance of left-wing intellectuals on Taiwan’s environmental issues of enlightenment.The thesis starts with the relationship between "land ethics" in Taiwan’s natural ecology literature and local literature,and presents the evolution of the development of the entire literary genre;Secondly,the author compares the "green movement" that emerged in Europe and the United States in the 1960s and 1970s with the creation of Taiwan’s natural ecological literature,and outlines the interaction and connection between them.According to the author’s creation and environmental ethics propositions,the author divides Taiwan’s natural ecology literature into three categories:first,"Xia Chao" and "Human" magazines mainly report on environmental issues.They regard the capitalist system as destroying the hannonious relationship between man and nature.It insists on a fundamental criticism and opposition to the contemporary capitalist system,and believes that it is impossible to truly solve environmental problems within the framework of the capitalist economic and social system,which is in line with the "red and green" movement and ecological Marxism;Second,the simple life writers such as Chen Guanxue,Meng Dongli,and Ou Jifu,some of them have the complex of traditional Chinese intellectuals who chose to express their love for landscapes because of their dissatisfaction with the social system,and their belief in the concept of "harmony between man and nature".In addition,their writing occasionally incorporates ecological knowledge,with the characteristics of modern natural writing.From the perspective of pursuing ecocentrism,they are relatively between "red and green" and "dark green",but they are not completely in line with the proposition of the "light green" movement;thirdly,Han Han,Ma Yigong,Liu Kexiang,Wang Jiaxiang,Hong Suli,Xu Renxiu,Chen Yufeng,Liao Hongji,Wu Mingyi,etc.generally conform to the "dark green"proposition.They put forward introspection and review on modernization,vigorously criticized the plundering and destruction of nature by industrialization,and opposed to linking the elimination of ecological crisis with socialism.advocate ecocentrism.From the perspective of ecological Marxism,to a certain extent,nature is the"other" of human industrialized society,and nature is also the "other" of cultural production discourse.continue to coexist.From the thinking of the relationship between man and land in local literature,the indictment of public nuisance in environmental issues reports,the pastoral pursuit of simple life writing,the historical construction and local imagination of natural records,the fixed-point investigation of the creation of "observation records",the marine imagination of marine literature,The fables of catastrophe in ecological novels,the environmental ethics and ecological wisdom in Taiwanese minority literature,the writing emotions of nature writers range from full of anger to tenderness to describe the various beauties of nature.Liu Kexiang’s birds,Wu Mingyi’s butterflies,Liao Hongji’s whales and dolphins,Wang Jiaxiang’s wilderness,Chen Yufeng’s mountains and forests,Shen Zhenzhong’s eagles,the writer continues to show the close connection with the natural environment and the gratitude,acceptance and even respect for various animals and plants.This connects the changing history of Taiwan and the surrounding social life.From the three important dimensions of historical construction,text analysis,and exploration of environmental ethics,this paper attempts to present the overall creative style of Taiwan’s "natural ecological literature" by combining eco-criticism and cross-cultural research.From this perspective,Taiwan’s "Natural Ecology Literature"is placed in the evolution of social thought and the development of Taiwanese literature,to explore the interweaving and interaction between them,and to evaluate their achievements and shortcomings.The research of this paper is intended to demonstrate the value of reporting on environmental issues in the left-wing context,present the relationship between literature and nature,the relationship and influence between environment and social history,and attempt to explore the cultural roots and social motives of ecological crisis,and consider natural ecological literature and various literatures.The dialogue on ideological discussion also hopes to open more possibilities for exchanges and dialogues between the two sides of the natural ecology literature.