The National Poetry:The Ballad Research Of Fujian And Taiwan(1895-1949)

"The National Poetry"comes from Folksong Weekly in 1922,emphasizing that modern ballads are closely related to nationalism.Under the national crisis,gathering the national language,ballads and customs have become an important carrier to reshape the national spirit.After that,the intellectuals of the Folksong Weekly moved south to Fujian and Guangdong,and focused on the investigation and collection of Fujian and Taiwan ballads.The Chinese intellectuals endow Fujian and Taiwan ballads with the meaning of "the National Poetry",and put the ballads into the scape of the modern knowledge system.From the perspective of history,Fujian and Taiwan ballads from 1895 to 1949 are an important part of the history of modern Chinese ballads.Its origins can be traced back to the ballads of"Guotai" and "Guofan" during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Fujian and Taiwan ballads have cultural connections and common emotions.They retain a large number of Fujian and Taiwan regional cultures,folk texts,and national memories,which have great importance research value.This paper mainly investigates the collection and research of Fujian and Taiwan ballads from 1895 to 1949.With the historical background of the Ballad Movement,Taiwanese-Language Movement,Mandarin Movement,Literature Popularization Movement,and Dialect Literature Movement,the collected ballads involve traditional folksongs,pop songs,Gezi booklets(Kua-a-tshehs),literati ballads,and Zhuzhi ci,etc.The enthusiasts of Fujian and Taiwan include Lin Yutang,Xie Yunsheng,Yang Mengzhou,Lai He,Guo Qiusheng,Yang Kui,Chen Junyu,and so on.This paper uses folklore,motif research,colonial modernity theory,narratology theory,as well as field research and oral interview methods to discuss how Fujian and Taiwan society responded to changes in the historical field with folk literature and different classes(the folk classes,intellectuals,and colonizers).There are three paths to ballads study,including ballads and the May Fourth going south,the participation of ballads in national salvation,and the left-wing of ballads,highlighting the value of the study of Fujian and Taiwan ballads.Relevant research topics include analyzing the overseas dissemination of Fujian immigrant culture from the perspective of the theme content and narrative techniques of the "Guo Tai" and "Guo fan" ballads;combing Folksong Weekly,Folklore Weekly,Jiangsheng Bao,Xingguang Daily,Taiwan Art Corner,Taiwan Xinmin Bao,Nanyin,Xianfa Budui,369 Tabloid,Feng Yue Bao,Taiwan Culture and other important newspapers and journals have organized ballads research topics;Xie Yunsheng,Yang Mengzhou,Lai He,Guo Qiusheng,Yang Kui and others made contributions to the literary history of the collection and creation of ballads;from the perspective of dialect research,Gezi booklets adaptation,popular song creation,and Hokkien literary practice to interpret the literary practice in the colonial context.The complex relationship between Fujian-Taiwan ballads and national narratives;discusses the influence of " literature and art popularization " on the collection and research of ballads,and extends from the period of the Anti-Japanese War in the 1930s to ballads practice in Fujian and Taiwan in the 1940s;discusses issues about the motherlandization of ballads during the early restoration and cultural reconstruction.Especially,ballads collection and research are mainly characterized by hidden resistance and strong national character during the period of Japanese occupation.From vernacular to Hokkien,from traditional ballads to popular songs,from local literature to Taiwanese literature,various forms of debates have been launched around the concept,style,and genre of ballads.These literary and artistic practices ultimately boiled down to Taiwanese intellectuals resisting colonial culture and inheriting culture and the spirit of the Han nation.The study of Fujian-Taiwan ballads has important academic value and practical significance.From the perspective of the dissemination of Chinese culture,the current research on ballads mostly separates the literary origins of Fujian and Taiwan.In particular,some Taiwanese scholars only interpret the ballads from the dimension of"Taiwan subjectivity",which obscures the historical origins and culture of FujianTaiwan ballads.The study juxtaposes the ballads of Fujian and Taiwan.For example,the ballads of"Guotai" and "Guofan" explain the influence of Chinese cultures such as immigrant culture and overseas culture.From the perspective of rewriting the history of ballad literature,the Ballad Movement is regarded as the source of modern ballad collection,but the previous studies mostly ignored the role of Fujian and Taiwan ballads,as well as writers.This research reorganizes the ballad research centered on Xiamen University.It inherits the research paradigm and theoretical system of the Folksong Weekly,develops the folk literature of Fujian and Taiwan,and cultivates a group of folklorists who gather dialects and ballads.This has profound significance for the inheritance of ballad research and the development of Fujian and Taiwan folk literature.From the perspective of national spirit forging,the study of ballads in Taiwan during the early Restoration received less attention.This paper explores the special influence of ballad research in this period from the perspective of language restoration,spiritual restoration,and " literature and art popularization ",to refute the current thoughts about dialects and ballads during the early Restoration,and criticized the "Taiwanese literature".