A Study On The Temporal And Spatial Frameworic And Pedigree Pattern Of The Neolithic Culture In The Middle Reaches Of The Yangtze River

The middle reaches of the Yangtze River are centered on the Lianghu Plain(the Dongting Lake Plain and the Jianghan Plain),where the Neolithic culture lasted from 7100 BCE to 1800 BCE,and is one of the important regions for the distribution of Neolithic culture in China.Combing the brief history of archaeological discoveries and researches in this area,the 1990s was not only the golden age of field archaeology,but also the most important period for constructing the temporal and spatial framework and pedigree pattern research of archaeological culture.After that,the focus of the entire discipline began to shift to settlement archaeology and social archaeology.Nevertheless,there are still some issues in the study of the temporal and spatial framework and pedigree pattern of the Neolithic culture in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.In recent years,the publication of a large number of archaeological excavation reports has provided a data basis for further refinement and improvement of the study of the Neolithic culture in this region.The thesis takes V.Gordon Childe’s Culture-historical Archaeology as the main theoretical guidance,and uses stratigraphy,typology,carbon-14 dating and cultural factors analysis as the main research methods.A spatio-temporal frame system with interlaced and mosaic distribution of time and space,on this basis,divides different cultural systems and cultural areas,and examines the process of cultural evolution.Firstly,the middle reaches of the Yangtze River can be divided into seven districts according to different natural and geographical environments.The chronological sequence of each community can be constructed through the subsection study of typical sites,and then the chronology of the archaeological remains of the seven communities can be compared horizontally to establish the chronological sequence of the Neolithic remains in the whole area of middle reaches of the Yangtze River.Secondly,the concept of archaeological culture and type is introduced,and the archaeological remains with regional differences in the same period are divided into different archaeological cultures or types.By sorting out a brief history of archaeological cultural discoveries and research,unifying the naming of cultures and types,it focuses on the staging of archaeological cultures and the distribution of local types.Using the OxCal program,the existing carbon 14 dating data are analyzed to determine the range of absolute age of archaeological culture.Investigate the origin of archaeological culture and its relationship with the surrounding cultures of the same period.Finally,a diachronic and synchronic study of archaeological culture is conducted to construct a temporal and spatial framework that presents a mosaic distribution structure.The Neolithic culture in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River is divided into five cultural systems with vertical inheritance relationships,namely:Pengtoushan culture system,Daxi culture system,Youziling-Shijiahe culture system,Duiziling culture system,and Xiaojiawuji culture system.The development modes of the five cultural systems are different,and can be divided into primary type,secondary type,and continuation type.Furthermore,through the study of the horizontal communication relationship of these archaeological cultures,this region is divided into three major cultural areas,namely:the western cultural area centered on the northwest of the Dongting Lake Plain,the northern cultural area centered on the Handong area,and the south-eastern cultural area located on the verge of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.A comprehensive investigation of the evolution process of Neolithic culture in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River can be summarized as "Consanguineous and Divided into Different Flows,Unity in Diversity,Integrating into the Huaxia Ethnic Group".