Transcendental Imagination And Time

In this essay that on Heidegger’s interpretation of Kant,I intend to make clear of Heidegger’s “violence”,viz.,to clarify whether and in which sense Heidegger had caught Kant’s fundamental problem and thus genuinely spoken out Kant’s unwords,and finally I seek to point out: he was confronted with the subjecitivity problem of time consciousness that presented as“imagination-time” in Kant,futhermore,in his ontological rebuild of“transcendental aesthetics”,he at least revealed a possibility of positively advancing this problem that in the original subjectivity of time’s self-affect.The starting point of Heidegger’s interpretation of Kant is to exhibit Critique of Pure Reason as a work that lays ground for metaphysics,and herein he seeked to expose the fundamental ontology’s possibility that reveals human’s essence.Therefore,the subjct of Critique of Pure Reason has been repositioned to expose the ontological coginition’s inner possibility,and the inquiry of “how is synthetic judgement a priori possible” certainly will be replaced as the inquiry of ontological synthesis.In Kant’s empirical theory,Heidegger had anyway found a clue for the expostion of ontological synthesis,and he attempted to expose a pure synthesis as ontological synthesis in the structural oneness of cognitive faculities.Heidegger had been aware of the special place of imagination in A version of Critique,and via the transcendental imagination’s productive synthesis that discussed in first edition of transcendental deduction,he interpreted transcendental imagination as a positive image capacity,viz.,build of horizon,and sensibility and understanding lay their ground on and originate from the positive image capacity of transcendental imagination,and thus transcendental imagination is the origin of sensibility and understanding that as general image capacity,is the common root of both,furthermore,is the root of the build of horizon as ontological synthesis.After that,by means of interpreting transcendental imagination’s three-fold synthesis(synthesis of apprehension in the intuition,synthesis of reproduction in the imagination,synthesis of recognition in the concept)as three temporal image of past,present and future,Heidegger exposed the essence of transcendental imagination as time,and the synthesis of transcendental imagination was the synthesis of time.At the end,Heidegger achived his purpose in the interpretation of kant,viz.,exhibiting the possibility of ontological synthesis in time that as subjectivity of subject and in build of horizon of transcendental imagination that based on this original time,thereby,in the revelation of time as human’s essence,Critique of Pure Reason becomes a work that lays ground for metaphysics.In Heidegger’s reconstruction of the Critique of Pure Reason,transcendental imagination and the time-based transcendental imagination had become the kernel.However,in the reflection on the core position of transcendental imagination,we find that,Heidegger changed Kant’s standpoint on objectification,on account of the basic foreview “the world must emerge”,the subjective part of Critique becomes focus in vision,and transcendental imagination is thus presented as a core issue.However,Dieter Henrich has pointed out that,Heidegger’s interpretative mode that transcendental imagination as a common root,lies in the path of Idealismus that structural oneness of cognitive capacity ascends to the oneness of subjectivity,and together with the idealist Heidegger violated Kant’s basic setting of unconditional.However,in the revelation of the basic structure of "transcendental imagination-time",Heidegger fundamentally touched on the final problem revealed in Kant’s subjective deduction,that is,the possibility of time consciousness.The transcendental function of imagination is nothing more than a special expression of the synthetical unity of transcendental self-consciousness,and the structural resemblance between original self-consciousness’ s united oneness and time’s infinity,makes us inevitable return to Kant’s empirical theory.Kant set the basic subject of Critique of Pure Reason the inquiry of the ground of synthetic judgement a priori,and he revealed this ground by means of anlysis in empirical objects and empirical coginition.The possibility of empirical cognition genuinely lay upon “synthetical oneness of general intuitive manifold”.In the subjective part of the first edition transcendental deduction,Kant’s proof of the objective validity of categories not only discusses the legitimacy of the application of the general categories,but also reveals the highst transcendental condition of synthetical oneness of general intuitive manifold,viz.,transcendental apperception.But we still have to not out of the necessity of cognition but out of its essential origin answer,how transcendental apperception could be a synthetical oneness.In the subjective deduction,Kant promoted the conscious identity that as established fact to the transcendental synthetical unity,and only in the first edition of deduction,with the revelation of transcendental imagination,he genuinely traced back to the legality of promotion.In this Kant’s revelation,imagination is not only a regenerative capacity,but also a productive capacity,and in the latter sense is an transcendental imagination.Due to the apriori necessary relation with transcendental imagination,Pure apperception becomes transcendental transcendental apperception,thus the apriori synthetical faculty of transcendental imagination even serves as the subjective basis of synthesis of apprehension in the intuition,synthesis of reproduction in the imagination,synthesis of recognition in the concept that support the possibility of experience.But if we continue to ask the what and the how of this transcendental imagination,then time or time consciousness will be shown as the ultimate power behind it.In Logic,Kant exposed the necessary unity between manifold and order,only intuitive manifold and concept share a common oder,“synthetical oneness of general intuitive manifold”,as condition for experience,could be possible.In the first edition deduction’s first synthesis “synthesis of apprehension in the intuition”,we can find the reason why manifold could be given as one manifold,is time’s united oneness,thus the common oder between intuition and concept is time,viz.,the origin behind transcendental imagination should be time.However,the united oneness of "one manifold" can only correspond to the common oneness of“part and whole” of infinite Gr??e revealed in transcendental aesthetic.Therefore,we must follow transcendental aesthetics next.In interpretation of Kant’s transcendental aesthetics,especially of "metaphysical elaboration of time and space",Heidegger discussed the pure essential analysis of Kant’s time and space,and points out: the first clarification negatively negates time and space as the established,the second clarification positively affirmes that time and space lay the ground for the established,and thus caused the risk of conceptualizing time;the third and fourth clarifications aim at this risk,pointed out first,the relationship between part and whole in time and space,is completely different from the relation of conceptual genus,but based on the restriction of time and space as united whole,and this united whole’s essence is revealed in Kant’s judgement that time and space is infinitive given Gr??e,viz.,it is a foregiven,self-restricted,hold the infinitive possibility for the parts,not as quantitive,“general possible Gr??sein” united whole,thus time and space as pure intuition in sense of intertum finally due to this infinitive unity self set up to be a derivate originality.And Heidegger pointed out,only based on the pure unobjective fore hinblickennehmen to time and space itself,viz.,time and space as original infinity in sense of intertum,time and space as intuitive form in sense of intendere could be given;and in this unobjective hinbilckennehmen to time and space,time,considering its more original relation with subject and subject’s determinations than space,therefore holds the prior position;just because of time’s priority,in our hinblickennehmen to time,we must hinblickennehmen the hinblicknehmen itself,viz.,in our hinblicknehmen to time,this hinblicknehmen from self and to self,let the self as time reveal itself,therefore,time as self-affect bring out the time as original subjectivity.Moreover,original time subjectivity,as self-game,in the exposition of game’s freedom,just relys on the mode of transcendental imagination’s foreimage to reveal itself as game-space,and in this sense serves as the origin of build of horizon of transcendental imagination.Thus,the original subjectivity of time that exposes in pure self-affect,is not an irrelevant subjectivity,but a genuine vigorous subjectivity in the meaning of “I can”.