Research On Sports Health Promotion Model Among Drug Addicts Based On Fitness Concept Of Traditional Chinese Medicine

1.Objectives1)To explore the relationship between the physical characteristics of people with drug addiction,the distribution of TCM physique and health status,as well as the relationship between"physique"and"TCM physique".2)Based on the analysis of the current research situation in the field of sports rehabilitation training of people with drug addiction in China,the relevant indexes of sports health are introduced to construct the structural equation model of"Cognition-Behavior-Maintenance(CBM)/"CBM"model"exercise promoting the health of people with drug addiction based on social cognitive theory.3)To test the effect of TCE intervention on the health status and relapse tendency of drug addicts,evaluate the application of"CBM model",and provide sports health management strategies.2.Methods1)A cross-sectional study design was adopted,and the sample size was calculated by PASS15.0.A total of 1256 male drug addicts from Zhejiang Province and Hainan Province were selected as the research object for the questionnaire survey,physique test and TCM physique determination.2)Using Cite Space(5.7.R1)software tool to mine the documents whose subject words are"detoxification"or"rehabilitation"and the free word"sports"or"rehabilitation training"included in the CNKI database from 2000 to 2022 and to make a visual map analysis of the research status in the field of sports rehabilitation training of drug addicts under compulsory isolation in China.3)The expert consultation method was used to determine the model path and index of"CBM model",and 1256 male drug addicts were investigated by questionnaire,in-depth interview,physique test and laboratory biochemical examination.SPSS 25.0 was used to analyse the path of the"CBM model",and AMOS 21.0 was used to verify the applicability and fitness of the model.4)The research scheme was registered on the INPLASY platform,and the Chinese and English literature included in 8 electronic databases from 2000 to 2022was screened by Revman5.3 provided by Cochrane and Stata16.0MP software.The physical and mental rehabilitation effects of traditional Chinese medicine exercise on drug addicts were analysed by meta-analysis,and health-related factors and TCM exercise prescriptions were determined.5)In a three-arm randomized controlled trial with repeated measurements,402drug addicts were randomly divided into the Tai Chi group(TC group,n=134),Baduanjin group(BA group,n=134)and nonintervention control group(CON group,n=134).The intervention time was 12 weeks,and the repeated measurement variance and effect of BMI,TCM constitution distribution,"CBM model"health status dimension and relapse tendency dimension were evaluated in the 0th week,4th week and 12th week.Testing the mediating effect of exercise self-efficacy and health status on relapse tendency,SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 21.0 were employed.6)Through literature analysis and practical investigation,this thesis expounds sports health management in drug rehabilitation centers and community-based sports health management strategies after drug addicts return to society.3.Results1)The total national physique score of 1256 drug addicts was 833,with a qualified rate of 66.3%.Among the individual test indexes,the qualified rates of grip strength,standing on one foot with eyes closed,vital capacity and vertical jump were lower.Peaceful distribution of TCM physique is observed(17.8%)with damp-heat(21.5%),phlegm-dampness(18.2%)and yang deficiency(16.8%)being the three most biased constitutions.The proportion of biased constitution is higher than that of the general population(67.9%).2)The visualization research was carried out on 156 valid literatures obtained from CNKI database retrieval and screening.The keyword cluster analysis of Cite Space(5.7.R1)software is divided into five themes:"aerobic exercise","methamphetamine","rehabilitation training","exercise intensity"and"detoxification rehabilitation".The hot spots of the research are"social support","compulsory isolation of drug addicts","mental health"and"Tai Chi".3)In the meta-analysis,14 RCT/NRS studies were included in the thirteen articles,with 11 Chinese and 2 English.A total of 9 studies assessed the effects of TCE on the health of drug addicts.The outcome indicators related to health are mainly composed of three main indicators(SBP,DBP and OS)and a secondary index(BMI).A total of 13 studies assessed the effects of TCE on mental health.The mental health outcome indexes were SCL-90,anxiety symptoms(SAS/STAI),depressive symptoms(SDS/BDI/HRSD)and PSQI.TCE can reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure,prolong the standing time of one leg with eyes closed,and significantly improve depression,anxiety and sleep disorders in drug addicts.Based on the subgroup analysis of gender,drug type and intervention time,it was found that drug type was one of the sources of anxiety heterogeneity,and gender and drug type were one of the sources of depression heterogeneity.Nonconditional(two-category)logistic analysis revealed a noteworthy disparity between the coefficient of drug types to the essential capacity of drug addicts and the amount of individuals who passed the one-foot standing test.A statistically significant correlation existed between drug types and the amount of yang deficiency;meth addicts had a notably higher proportion of yang deficiency than opium users,yet there was no significant difference.4)Eight variables,including health status,social support,sports,exercise self-efficacy,quality of life,drug cognition,relapse tendency and physical health,were analysed.Testing the model and constructing the structural equation model is accomplished through the utilization of AMOS 21.0.Six dimensions and 21 items comprise the"CBM"model":relapse tendency,social support,sports,exercise self-efficacy,drug cognition,and health status.For the structural equation model,χ~2/df=2.729,CFI=0.925,IFI=0.941,and AGFI=0.951.No significant effect on sports is seen from drug cognition at the individual level when it comes to"cognitive action",yet when it comes to"action maintenance",sports,exercise self-efficacy,and social support have considerable influence on health.In terms of"reducing relapse tendency",physical exercise alone could not significantly affect relapse tendency(β=-0.08,P>0.05),but only through exercise self-efficacy could it have a significant effect on relapse tendency.5)After 12 weeks of TCE(Traditional Chinese Health-Promoting Exercise,TCE)intervention,the number and proportion of peaceful quality in TC group and BA group also increased accordingly,but there was no significant change in time point effect among the three groups(P=0.195).According to the changing trend of the dimensional index of"CBM model",the scores of health status in TC group and BA group increased with time(P<0.001),and the scores of relapse tendency decreased significantly in TC group and BA group(P<0.001),but there was no significant change in CON group.4.Conclusion1)The national physique level of individuals with drug addiction in compulsory isolation in China is lower than that of the general population.The proportion of biased constitution of traditional Chinese medicine is higher than that of ordinary people,and the proportion of phlegm-dampness is higher,which is related to age.2)The CBM structural equation model fits well,and social support,drug awareness,sports,and exercise self-efficacy all have direct or indirect effects on the health status and relapse tendency of drug addicts.3)A 12-week Tai Chi or Baduanjin intervention is a safe means of TCE intervention that can not only improve the anthropometric characteristics and TCM physique of drug addicts but also have positive impacts on the dimensions of quality of life and health status in the"CBM model".A negative correlation between social support,exercise self-efficacy and health status was observed in relation to the relapse tendency.There is a significant positive correlation between health status and exercise self-efficacy.4)The exercise-promoting health management model and strategy combined with"chronic disease management"and"health intervention assessment technology"are suitable for the two stages of health management of people with drug addiction in"drug rehabilitation centers"and"returning to society".