| Pakistan has been diligently collecting cancer data through cancer registries since 1994.As of December 2021,109,863 patients were registered,with Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa accounting for the majority of cases.The incidence rates of breast cancer,colorectal cancer,leukemia,and bone cancer are among the highest in Pakistan.Our analysis identified fast food consumption and the reuse of ghee and oil as dietary factors that increase colorectal cancer risk.Tobacco use,including smoking cigarettes and snuffing,was found to be a significant risk factor for cancer.Unhealthy lifestyle habits,such as storm eating,irregular sleep,and excessive television viewing,also increased the odds of cancer.Additionally,our study showed that aspirin and esomeprazole were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer,while the risk was reduced for women who took paracetamol.Consumption of red meat and reuse of ghee for cooking purposes were observed in some cases,while fish consumption was more common among controls.Our analysis also revealed a strong association between a history of tuberculosis and MMTV and an increased risk of breast cancer.Furthermore,we examined the impact of COVID-19 on colorectal cancer and Parkinson’s disease patients and identified emotional and physiological stress symptoms,as well as practical challenges,such as transportation difficulties,as significant barriers to treatment.We also investigated the development of resistance to cancer inhibitors and found that the downregulation of Wnt5 a may activate the IGF-IR signaling pathway,decreasing the sensitivity of HT-29 cells to OSI-906.These findings provide valuable insights into theunderlying mechanisms of cancer development and drug resistance,which may be useful for developing more effective interventions and treatments for cancer patients. |
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